{"id":111380,"date":"2018-03-11T10:37:51","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:37:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/nuevas-enzimas-termoestables-aplicadas-a-la-sa%c2%adntesis-de-nucleosidos-farmacologicamente-activos\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:37:51","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:37:51","slug":"nuevas-enzimas-termoestables-aplicadas-a-la-sa%c2%adntesis-de-nucleosidos-farmacologicamente-activos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/nuevas-enzimas-termoestables-aplicadas-a-la-sa%c2%adntesis-de-nucleosidos-farmacologicamente-activos\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuevas enzimas termoestables aplicadas a la s\u00edntesis de nucle\u00f3sidos farmacol\u00f3gicamente activos."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Marcos Almendros Gim\u00e9nez <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In the long-running history of biocatalysis, the last decades have seen an increasing  interest in the use of enzymes in substitution for traditional chemical processes. Enzymes bring  notable advantages, such as higher specificity and efficiency in bioconversions due to their regio-  and stereoselectivity. Also, since they allow eliminating organic solvents and other contaminants,  their use lessens the environmental impact of the reactions, a critical subject in a human society  aiming for sustainability. In this regard, great efforts have been made in widening the array of  enzymes able to perform either new enzymatic reactions or enhance previously available ones.  during the last years, thermophilic microorganisms have received a special attention  as sources for  new biocatalyst. This is due to the increased thermostability and resistance to denaturation they  offer in comparison with mesophilic enzymes, which allows more flexible conditions and longer half  lives when used at an industrial scale.   the aim of this thesis is the identification of new biotechnologically interesting enzymatic  activities in thermophilic microorganisms, with the  aim of overproducing and characterizating a  number of these enzymes for their application in a  biocatalytical process. Several test reactions  were performed on a set of eleven strains of thermus thermophilus. The reaction of synthesis of  nucleosides analogues by transglycosilation was considered particularly promising.   three novel nucleosides phosphorylases from t. Thermophilus hb27 were identified as the  enzymes involved in the transglycosilation. These enzymes were cloned and characterized in  regards to their specificity, kinetic properties and quaternary structure. The reaction parameters  were optimized. The enzymes showed remarkable properties derived from their thermophilic  nature, such as a wide range of optimal ph and activity beyond water-boiling point. We described  for the first time the synthesis of compounds with therapeutical properties, using a thermophilic  nucleoside phosphorylase at temperatures up to 80\u00c2\u00bfc. After biochemical characterization, the  selectivity against arabinose nucleosides of one of the enzymes was enhanced in a 30% by directed  evolution. Finally, the enzymes were immobilized onto solid supports, obtaining derivates that  retained the enzymatic activity while enhancing their natural thermostability.   as a result of our work, three new thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases, active in the  synthesis of derivates of 2,6-diaminopurine, 5-halouracil or arabinose nucleosides, currently  applied in the treatment of several human diseases, are described. These enzymes show enhanced  properties compared to currently available mesophilic nucleosides phosphorylases. Our results  involve the enhancement of the production of biotechnologically important enzymes that will  permit a higher efficient synthesis of therapeutically relevant compounds at a reduced cost and  hence a broader availability for the increased global demand for new drugs and treatments.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Nuevas enzimas termoestables aplicadas a la s\u00edntesis de nucle\u00f3sidos farmacol\u00f3gicamente activos.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Nuevas enzimas termoestables aplicadas a la s\u00edntesis de nucle\u00f3sidos farmacol\u00f3gicamente activos. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Marcos Almendros Gim\u00e9nez <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 14\/10\/2011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Mar\u00eda jos\u00e9 Bonete  p\u00e9rez <\/li>\n<li>Andr\u00e9s Rafael Alcantara leon (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Jos\u00e9 Manuel Guis\u00e1n seijas (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>\u00e1ngel Rumbero s\u00e1nchez (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Marcos Almendros Gim\u00e9nez In the long-running history of biocatalysis, the last decades have seen an increasing interest [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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