{"id":112056,"date":"2018-03-11T10:38:49","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:38:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/analisis-de-mutantes-como-herramienta-genomica-para-la-identificacion-de-genes-implicados-en-la-tolerancia-a-la-salinidad-del-tomate\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:38:49","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:38:49","slug":"analisis-de-mutantes-como-herramienta-genomica-para-la-identificacion-de-genes-implicados-en-la-tolerancia-a-la-salinidad-del-tomate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/fisiologia-vegetal\/analisis-de-mutantes-como-herramienta-genomica-para-la-identificacion-de-genes-implicados-en-la-tolerancia-a-la-salinidad-del-tomate\/","title":{"rendered":"An\u00e1lisis de mutantes como herramienta gen\u00f3mica para la identificaci\u00f3n de genes implicados en la tolerancia a la salinidad del tomate."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Jos\u00e9 Osvaldo Garcia Abellan <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>La salinidad tiene un alto impacto en la agricultura. En la actualidad, este estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico provoca importantes p\u00e9rdidas de producci\u00f3n debido principalmente al uso de aguas salinas para riego, pero adem\u00e1s el problema contin\u00faa incrementando. A pesar de la relevancia econ\u00f3mica del tomate, los mecanismos que gobiernan la respuesta a la salinidad en esta especie hort\u00edcola no est\u00e1n bien caracterizados, y hasta la fecha solo se han identificado un n\u00famero muy escaso de genes implicados en la tolerancia del tomate a la salinidad. Entre las estrategias gen\u00f3micas para lograr este objetivo destaca la mutag\u00e9nesis insercional por t-dna, herramienta que ha llegado a ser fundamental para la identificaci\u00f3n y etiquetado de genes en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os. En el proyecto que estamos realizando entre tres grupos de investigaci\u00f3n, se est\u00e1 generando una colecci\u00f3n de l\u00edneas t-dna de tomate usando una trampa de intensificadores. Teniendo en cuenta el importante papel del sistema de ra\u00edz en la tolerancia a la salinidad, la identificaci\u00f3n de mutantes de ra\u00edz podr\u00eda permitir la identificaci\u00f3n de genes clave involucrados en diferentes mecanismos de tolerancia a la salinidad. En este trabajo, un mutante de ra\u00edz recesivo, que mostraba mayores alteraciones morfol\u00f3gicas in vivo que in vitro, era identificado y seleccionado para llevar a cabo su caracterizaci\u00f3n fenot\u00edpica, fisiol\u00f3gica, gen\u00e9tica y molecular bajo condiciones control y salinas. En primer lugar, una l\u00ednea homocigota para fenotipo era obtenida en la tercera generaci\u00f3n, la cual era usada para posteriores estudios. Las importantes alteraciones morfol\u00f3gicas mostradas en hojas y ra\u00edces del mutante cuando las plantas se desarrollaban sin estr\u00e9s desaparec\u00edan con la salinidad, de manera que la salinidad reorganiza la estructura  celular del mutante. Los cambios fisiol\u00f3gicos mas importantes inducidos por la salinidad en las hojas del mutante eran la mayor acumulaci\u00f3n de k+ y menor relaci\u00f3n na+\/k+, as\u00ed como una mayor acumulaci\u00f3n de sacarosa e inositol. El an\u00e1lisis transcript\u00f3mico llevado a cabo en ra\u00edz nos permit\u00eda identificar las alteraciones en los perfiles de expresi\u00f3n de genes causados por la mutaci\u00f3n. Los cambios de expresi\u00f3n correspond\u00edan a varios grupos funcionales, tales como genes implicados en el desarrollo y transportadores de nitratos, pero la mayor expresi\u00f3n diferencial entre el genotipo silvestre y el mutante era observada en los genes de la ruta de s\u00edntesis de jasmonato. El mutante saltres es el primer mutante de sobreexpresi\u00f3n de jasmonato identificado en tomate, y la mayor expresi\u00f3n de genes est\u00e1 asociada a mayores niveles end\u00f3genos de jasmonato en las ra\u00edces del mutante, especialmente bajo condiciones control. En base a estos resultados, se propone que jasmonato es el regulador clave de la tolerancia a la salinidad en el mutante saltres.      summary salinity has a huge impact on agriculture. Currently, this abiotic stress causes important production losses due mainly to the use of saline waters for irrigation, and the problem continues to increase. Despite the economic relevance of tomato, the mechanisms that govern salinity response in this horticultural species are not well characterized, and a very small number of genes playing a role in tomato tolerance to salinity have so far been identified. Among the genomic tools for achieving such aim, we can highlight insertional mutagenesis by t-dna, which in recent years has become a fundamental tool for identification and tagging of genes. In a collaborative project, a collection of t-dna lines is being generated by using un enhancer trap. Taking into account the important role of the root system in the salinity tolerance, the identification of root mutants could allow the identification of key genes involved in different tolerance mechanisms to salinity. In this work, a recessive root mutant exhibiting higher morphological alterations in vivo than in vitro was identified and selected to carry out its phenotypic, physiological, genetic and molecular characterization under control and saline conditions. Firstly, a homozygous line for phenotype was obtained in the thirst generation, which was used for further studies. The important morphological alterations in leaves and roots of the mutant plants grown without stress disappear with salt stress, in the manner that salinity restores the cell structure of the mutant. The most important physiological changes induced by salinity in the mutant were a higher leaf k+ accumulation and lower na+\/k+ ratio, as well as a higher accumulation of sucrose and inositol. The transcriptomic analysis of the roots allowed us to identify the alterations in gene expression profiles caused by the mutation. Expression changes in genes corresponding to several functional groups, as genes involved in plant development and transporters of nitrate between others, were found especially under control conditions, although the most important changes between wild type and mutant were observed in the genes of the biosynthesis pathway of jasmonate. The mutant saltres is the first jasmonate overexpression mutant identified in tomato, and the increased gene expression was associated to increased endogenous levels of jasmonate in the mutant roots, especially under control conditions. Taken together, jasmonate is proposed as the key regulator of the salinity tolerance in the mutant saltres.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>An\u00e1lisis de mutantes como herramienta gen\u00f3mica para la identificaci\u00f3n de genes implicados en la tolerancia a la salinidad del tomate.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 An\u00e1lisis de mutantes como herramienta gen\u00f3mica para la identificaci\u00f3n de genes implicados en la tolerancia a la salinidad del tomate. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Jos\u00e9 Osvaldo Garcia Abellan <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 16\/12\/2011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mar\u00eda Del Carmen Bolar\u00edn Jim\u00e9nez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: vicente Moreno ferrero <\/li>\n<li>trinidad Angosto trillo (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>enrique Olmos aranda (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Mar\u00eda Luisa Badenes catal\u00e1 (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Jos\u00e9 Osvaldo Garcia Abellan La salinidad tiene un alto impacto en la agricultura. En la actualidad, este [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[479,45144,8235],"tags":[25140,223089,167651,148537,191643,31244],"class_list":["post-112056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fisiologia-vegetal","category-genetica-molecular-de-plantas","category-murcia","tag-enrique-olmos-aranda","tag-jose-osvaldo-garcia-abellan","tag-maria-del-carmen-bolarin-jimenez","tag-maria-luisa-badenes-catala","tag-trinidad-angosto-trillo","tag-vicente-moreno-ferrero"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112056"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112056\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}