{"id":112381,"date":"2018-03-11T10:39:20","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:39:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/rainbow-trout-growth-and-reproductive-processes-in-vivo-effects-of-potential-endocrine-disrupters\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:39:20","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:39:20","slug":"rainbow-trout-growth-and-reproductive-processes-in-vivo-effects-of-potential-endocrine-disrupters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/toxicologia\/rainbow-trout-growth-and-reproductive-processes-in-vivo-effects-of-potential-endocrine-disrupters\/","title":{"rendered":"Rainbow trout growth and reproductive processes: in vivo effects of potential endocrine disrupters"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tesis doctoral de Iurgi Salaverria Zabalegui <\/strong><\/h2>\n

The overall fitness of an individual or population of living organisms can be measured by two biological processes: growth and reproduction. It is also known that anthropogenic compounds are ubiquitous in the environment but tend to accumulate predominantly in water bodies which act as sink. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that numerous common water pollutants, called endocrine disrupters (eds), can interfere with the endocrine system of aquatic organisms and thereby impair reproduction and other vital physiological processes such as growth. However, many eds remain to be identified, and reports of reproductive impairment in fish by potential eds are contradictory. In addition, little is known of the effects of eds on fish growth, particularly on biochemical growth processes.Thus, we exposed rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) to either 4-nonylphenol (np), an alkylphenol, or to atrazine (atz), an herbicide. To study the effects of these potential eds on growth, juvenile trout were exposed to a single waterborne pulse of either of these compounds followed by a depuration period of up to 3 weeks, and their effects assessed on white muscle biochemistry, whole-body growth rate and feeding hierarchy. To establish the effects of np and atz on reproductive processes of rainbow trout, maturing individuals were subjected to either a similar single pulse exposure of np or atz, or to a single injection of atz. Endpoints monitored were sex steroid- and vitellogenin (vtg) concentrations, tissue-somatic indices, and hepatic markers of metabolism and oxidative stress.Whole-body growth, commonly considered to be one of the most integrative markers of fitness, was unaltered by environmentally relevant exposure to np or atz, and consequently neither were feeding hierarchies. In contrast, biochemical growth processes were significantly affected: the ratio rna:dna was altered in an hormetic manner after np exposure while rna:protein was elevated after exposure to atz. In addition, a very similar exposure regime to np and atz caused significant ed effects in maturing rainbow trout, namely masculinization of the sex steroid profile. In contrast, effects of feminization were observed after a single atz injection.In conclusion, a single pulse exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of np or atz is sufficient to significantly alter biochemical growth processes in white muscle tissue of rainbow trout and endocrine endpoints after a depuration period of up to 3 weeks. It was also established that the herbicide atz can elicit effects of both masculinization and feminization of the sex steroid profile, and other eds such as np may have similar effects. It is therefore postulated that eds alter the sex steroid profile in a hormetic manner, and possibly muscle biochemistry as well.Resumenla idoneidad general de un individuo o una poblaci\u00f3n de organismos vivos se puede medir mediante dos procesos biol\u00f3gicos: el crecimiento y la reproducci\u00f3n. Se conoce tambi\u00e9n la ubicuidad de los compuestos antropog\u00e9nicos en el medio ambiente que se acumulan de forma predominante en masas de agua que act\u00faan como sumideros. Estudios de laboratorio han demostrado que numerosos contaminantes comunes del agua, llamados disruptores endocrinos (de), pueden interferir con el sistema endocrino de organismos acu\u00e1ticos y as\u00ed afectar la reproducci\u00f3n y otros procesos fisiol\u00f3gicos vitales como el crecimiento. Sin embargo, muchos de no se han identificado a\u00fan y los estudios de la acci\u00f3n de varios potenciales de sobre la reproducci\u00f3n en peces son contradictorios. Por otra parte se conoce poco del efecto de los de sobre el crecimiento de peces, particularmente sobre los procesos bioqu\u00edmicos de crecimiento.Hemos expuesto la trucha arco\u00edris (oncorhynchus mykiss) a 4-nonilfenol (np), un alquilfenol, y a atracina (atz), un herbicida. Para estudiar el efecto de estos potenciales de sobre el crecimiento, se expuso a truchas juveniles a un pulso \u00fanico en agua de cada uno de estos compuestos seguido de un periodo de depuraci\u00f3n de hasta 3 semanas y se siguieron sus efectos sobre la bioqu\u00edmica del m\u00fasculo blanco, la tasa de crecimiento corporal total y la jerarqu\u00eda alimentaria. Para establecer los efectos de np y atz sobre los procesos reproductivos de la trucha arco\u00edris, individuos en crecimiento fueron expuestos tanto a pulsos \u00fanicos similares de np o atz como a inyecciones puntuales de atz. Los par\u00e1metros monitorizados fueron los esteroides sexuales, la concentraci\u00f3n de vitelogenina (vtg), los \u00edndices tejido-som\u00e1ticos y marcadores hep\u00e1ticos de metabolismo y estr\u00e9s oxidativo.El crecimiento corporal total, com\u00fanmente considerado uno de los marcadores de idoneidad m\u00e1s integrativo, no sufri\u00f3 ninguna modificaci\u00f3n tras la exposici\u00f3n a np o atz a niveles medioambientalmente relevantes y consiguientemente tampoco cambi\u00f3 la jerarqu\u00eda alimentaria. Por el contrario, los procesos bioqu\u00edmicos de crecimiento se vieron afectados significativamente: la relaci\u00f3n arn\/adn se alter\u00f3 de forma horm\u00e9tica tras la exposici\u00f3n a np mientras que la relaci\u00f3n arn\/prote\u00edna aument\u00f3 tras la exposici\u00f3n a atz. Adicionalmente, un r\u00e9gimen de exposici\u00f3n a np y atz muy similar caus\u00f3 efectos de significativos en truchas en crecimiento como la masculinizaci\u00f3n del perfil de esteroides sexuales. Por el contrario se observ\u00f3 feminizaci\u00f3n tras una \u00fanica inyecci\u00f3n de atz.En conclusi\u00f3n una \u00fanica exposici\u00f3n puntual a concentraciones medioambientalmente relevantes de np o atz es suficiente para alterar significativamente los procesos bioqu\u00edmicos de crecimiento en tejido muscular blanco de trucha arco\u00edris as\u00ed como los par\u00e1metros endocrinos tras un periodo de depuraci\u00f3n de hasta 3 semanas. Adem\u00e1s se ha establecido que el herbicida atz puede causar efectos tanto de masculinizaci\u00f3n como de feminizaci\u00f3n del perfil de esteroides sexuales y que otros de como np pueden tener efectos similares. Se postula por consiguiente que los de alteran el perfil de esteroides sexuales de manera horm\u00e9tica y posiblemente tambi\u00e9n la bioqu\u00edmica muscular.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00abRainbow trout growth and reproductive processes: in vivo effects of potential endocrine disrupters<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Rainbow trout growth and reproductive processes: in vivo effects of potential endocrine disrupters <\/li>\n
  • Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Iurgi Salaverria Zabalegui <\/li>\n
  • Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Pa\u00eds vasco\/euskal herriko unibertsitatea<\/li>\n
  • Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 17\/02\/2012<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n
        \n
      • Bjorn Munro Jenssen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Tribunal<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Presidente del tribunal: cinta Porte visa <\/li>\n
        • cecilia Berg — (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • joachim Sturve — (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • miren pilare Cajaraville bereziartua (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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