{"id":113047,"date":"2018-03-11T10:40:19","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:40:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/avances-anala%c2%adticos-en-la-datacion-forense-de-tintas-y-documentos\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:40:19","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:40:19","slug":"avances-anala%c2%adticos-en-la-datacion-forense-de-tintas-y-documentos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/medicina-forense\/avances-anala%c2%adticos-en-la-datacion-forense-de-tintas-y-documentos\/","title":{"rendered":"Avances anal\u00edticos en la dataci\u00f3n forense de tintas y documentos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tesis doctoral de Mar\u00eda Magdalena Ezcurra Gondra <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Uno de los problemas a los que m\u00e1s frecuentemente se enfrenta el analistaforense de documentos es el de datar los mismos. En este trabajo seenfrenta el tema sensu lato. Para ello, en la primera parte se contextualizala cuesti\u00f3n y, se hace un estudio exhaustivo de las investigaciones que sehan llevado a cabo hasta la fecha sobre la dataci\u00f3n de tintas y la resoluci\u00f3ndel orden secuencial de cruzamientos.La segunda parte est\u00e1 dedicada al estudio de envejecimiento y dataci\u00f3n detintas. El cap\u00edtulo dos enfrenta el estudio de los m\u00e9todos de dataci\u00f3n detintas mediante el seguimiento de la evaporaci\u00f3n de vol\u00e1tiles: la toma demuestra, optimizaci\u00f3n de la extracci\u00f3n, utilizaci\u00f3n de la herramienta rtl alaplicar la t\u00e9cnica gc-ms para poner en evidencia diferencias entre lotes detintas, seguimiento de la evaporaci\u00f3n de vol\u00e1tiles cuando se tienen variascapas de papel, y una propuesta de curvas de envejecimientoindependientes de la masa basadas en la p\u00e9rdida de vol\u00e1tiles. Este cap\u00edtulose ilustra con un caso judicial real en el que se han aplicado las diferentest\u00e9cnicas y conclusiones obtenidas en el mismo.En el tercer cap\u00edtulo se realiza un estudio sobre las resinas utilizadas en laformulaci\u00f3n de las tintas, su envejecimiento y el seguimiento del mismo. Seproponen varias t\u00e9cnicas para el estudio de la evoluci\u00f3n de las resinas conel tiempo: desarrollo de un modelo predictivo con los datos obtenidos delas medidas de reflectancia uv-vis-nir, estudio de los trazos conmicroscop\u00eda de barrido electr\u00f3nico, y seguimiento de las bandas de gruposfuncionales en los espectros ftir de las muestras de tinta. Los resultadosobtenidos revelan un camino prometedor para llegar a la resoluci\u00f3n delproblema planteado.En la secci\u00f3n tercera se abre el campo de la dataci\u00f3n entendiendo estacomo el establecimiento de la secuencia temporal entre elementos queconforman el documento. Se aplican t\u00e9cnicas como la microscop\u00eda confocal,el microscopio de fuerza at\u00f3mica y el microscopio metalogr\u00e1fico. Al final delcap\u00edtulo se presenta otro caso judicial real en el que se ha aplicado una deestas t\u00e9cnicas para su resoluci\u00f3n.Laburpenaauzitegiko dokumentu-analistak sarritan topatzen duen problemaren bathauxe da: dokumentuak noizkoak diren esatea. Ikerlan honetan, arazo honiaurre egiten zaio sensu lato. Horretarako, lehenengo atalean, problemaritestuingurua eman zaio, eta bai tinten datazioari buruz ari diren lanei etabaita gurutzaketen orden sekuentzialari erabakia ematen dizkiotenikerketei azterketa sakona egin zaie, orain arte argitaratu direnak aipatuz.Bigarren atala tinten zahartze eta datazioari buruzkoa da. Bigarrenkapituluan, tintak noizkoak diren jakitearen arazoari aurre egiten zaio,horretarako dauden metodoen azterketaz, lurrunkorren baporizazioajarraituz: lagina hartzea, erauztearen optimizazioa, tinta-sorten artekoezberditasunak argi ikusteko rtl tresna erabilpena, lurrunkorrenbaporizazioaren jarraipena paperezko geruza batzu izaten direnean, etamasari lotu gabeko zahartze kurbaren proposamena, lurrunkorren galeranoinarrituta. Kapitulu hau epailearen kasu erreal batez argitu da. Kasuhorretan, kapituluaren zehar erabilitako teknika ezberdinak eta lortutakoondorioak praktikan jarri dira.Hirugarren kapituluan tinten formulazioan erabilitako erretxinei buruzkoazterketa egin da, euren zahartze eta zahartze honen jarraipena. Teknikabatzu proposatu dira denborari lotutako erretxinen garapen azterketarako:iragarpen eredu bat garapena uv-vis-nir islapenaren neurrietatik lortudiren datuekin, trazuen azterketa elektroi-ekorketa mikroskopiaz, eta taldefuntzionalen banden jarraipena tintaren laginen ftir espektroetan.Iragarpen eredurako emaitzak, planteatutako arazoaren erabakirakoetorkizun handikoak dira.Hirugarren atalean datazioaren zelaia zabaldu da, ulertzen haudokumentua osatzen dituzten elementuen arteko segida zehaztearenprozesu bezala. Mikroskopia konfokala, indar atomikoko mikroskopia etamikroskopio metalografikoaren teknikak aplikatu dira. Kapituluarenamaieran beste epailearen kasu erreala aurkeztu da, eta kasu honenerabakirako hauen arteko teknika bat erabili da.Abstactdating documents is one of the most frequent problems the forensicdocument examiners deal with. This research faces the problem sensu lato.For this purpose, the topic is contextualized, and an exhaustive study of theconducted research in the field of dating inks and in the resolution of thesequential order of crossings, is done.The second section is dedicated on the subject of aging and dating inks. Thesecond chapter faces the study of ink dating methods by monitoring theevaporation of volatile components: on sampling, optimization of theextraction, using rtl tool in gc-ms to highlight differences betweenbatches of inks, monitoring the evaporation of volatiles when there areseveral layers of paper, and a proposal for mass independent aging curvesbased on the loss of volatile compounds. A real court case, in whichdifferent techniques and conclusions of this chapter have been applied, isdeveloped to illustrate it.In the third chapter, a study about the binder resins used in inkformulations and its aging processes is performed. Various techniques forstudying the effect of the evolution of resins with time are proposed:development of a predictive model with data obtained from uv-vis-nirreflectance spectra, study of the strokes with scanning electron microscopy,and monitoring the bands of functional groups in the ftir spectra of the inksamples. The results for the predictive model are promising to get to theresolution of the raised problem.In the fourth chapter, the field of dating opens understanding this as theestablishment of the temporal sequence between different elements of thedocument. Techniques as confocal and atomic force microscopy, as well asmetallographic microscope are applied. At the end of the chapter anotherreal court case in which one of these techniques has been applied for itsresolution, is presented.La investigaci\u00f3n desarrollada, ha sido financiada con la aportaci\u00f3necon\u00f3mica del proyecto de investigaci\u00f3n e innovaci\u00f3n tecnol\u00f3gicaue09+\/56, participado del departamento de pintura, el departamento dequ\u00edmica anal\u00edtica y de la empresa leyas, con t\u00edtulo: m\u00e9todos anal\u00edticosaplicados al an\u00e1lisis forense de documentos, as\u00ed como por la empresaleyas, s.L.Se agradece la ayuda t\u00e9cnica y humana aportada por el servicio central deinvestigaci\u00f3n sgiker de la universidad del pa\u00eds vasco upv\/ehu, (ministeriode educaci\u00f3n y ciencia mec, gobierno vasco gv\/ej y fondos sociales deeuropa), as\u00ed como la del csic de la universidad de zaragoza y la de laempresa leyas s.L.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00abAvances anal\u00edticos en la dataci\u00f3n forense de tintas y documentos<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Avances anal\u00edticos en la dataci\u00f3n forense de tintas y documentos <\/li>\n
  • Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Mar\u00eda Magdalena Ezcurra Gondra <\/li>\n
  • Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Pa\u00eds vasco\/euskal herriko unibertsitatea<\/li>\n
  • Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 16\/07\/2012<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n
        \n
      • Rosa Mar\u00eda Alonso Rojas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Tribunal<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Presidente del tribunal: ramon jose Barrio diez caballero <\/li>\n
        • teresa Espejo (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • Antonio arnoldo Cant\u00fa — (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • Jos\u00e9 Antonio Murillo pulgar\u00edn (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Tesis doctoral de Mar\u00eda Magdalena Ezcurra Gondra Uno de los problemas a los que m\u00e1s frecuentemente se enfrenta el analistaforense […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[968,12909],"tags":[224658,195283,224657,12745,14258,207398],"class_list":["post-113047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicina-forense","category-pais-vasco-euskal-herriko-unibertsitatea","tag-antonio-arnoldo-cantu","tag-jose-antonio-murillo-pulgarin","tag-maria-magdalena-ezcurra-gondra","tag-ramon-jose-barrio-diez-caballero","tag-rosa-maria-alonso-rojas","tag-teresa-espejo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113047\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}