{"id":114595,"date":"2018-03-11T10:42:42","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/registro-de-gemelos-utilidades-organizacion-y-supuestos-clave-registro-de-gemelos-de-murcia\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:42:42","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:42:42","slug":"registro-de-gemelos-utilidades-organizacion-y-supuestos-clave-registro-de-gemelos-de-murcia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/psicologia\/registro-de-gemelos-utilidades-organizacion-y-supuestos-clave-registro-de-gemelos-de-murcia\/","title":{"rendered":"Registro de gemelos: utilidades, organizaci\u00f3n y supuestos clave. registro de gemelos de murcia"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Juan  Francisco S\u00e1nchez Romera <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>El presente trabajo gira alrededor de los registros de gemelos, y del &quot;registro de gemelos de murcia&quot; (rgm) en particular, como recurso fundamental de investigaci\u00f3n, a la hora de profundizar en el conocimiento de la contribuci\u00f3n relativa de factores gen\u00e9ticos y ambientales al comportamiento. Los dise\u00f1os gen\u00e9ticamente informativos y, en particular los estudios de gemelos, constituyen un importante recurso para llegar al conocimiento de las causas de variaci\u00f3n fenot\u00edpica en humanos. Estos dise\u00f1os constituyen la metodolog\u00eda m\u00e1s utilizada para separar las causas gen\u00e9ticas de las ambientales en el parecido familiar. este tipo de estudios tiene, actualmente, una importante implantaci\u00f3n y conlleva un alto grado de especializaci\u00f3n, acorde con su enorme potencial investigador. Para su desarrollo se basan en la existencia de registros de nacimientos m\u00faltiples. Los registros de gemelos que existen actualmente, y que se distribuyen por todo el mundo, surgen como una respuesta metodol\u00f3gica a los diferentes estudios espec\u00edficos con gemelos que inicia la comunidad cient\u00edfica.  la determinaci\u00f3n de la cigosidad, la evaluaci\u00f3n del supuesto de ambientes id\u00e9nticos, y la comprobaci\u00f3n de la representatividad de la muestra, son cuestiones b\u00e1sicas sobre las que se apoya el m\u00e9todo de los estudios de gemelos. Estos tres elementos son claves para asegurar la utilidad de la comparaci\u00f3n efectuada y la validez de los resultados obtenidos. Por tanto, parece evidente que la comprobaci\u00f3n de estas tres cuestiones es un principio primordial en el establecimiento de la utilidad cient\u00edfica de un registro de gemelos. esta tesis tiene tres objetivos principales: validar el cuestionario de cigosidad utilizado hasta el momento en el rgm, comparando la clasificaci\u00f3n efectuada por el instrumento con los resultados de cigosidad obtenidos a partir de marcadores g\u00e9nicos; analizar la veracidad del supuesto de ambientes id\u00e9nticos entre los participantes del rgm, comparando los datos disponibles sobre residencia compartida entre gemelos mz y dz; y estimar hasta qu\u00e9 punto la muestra de sujetos participantes en el rgm es representativa de la poblaci\u00f3n de referencia, de acuerdo a marco geogr\u00e1fico, sexo y grupo de edad. el dise\u00f1o para el desarrollo general del rgm consiste en una cohorte de base poblacional, formada por individuos nacidos de partos m\u00faltiples residentes en la comunidad aut\u00f3noma de murcia, que se incluye en un registro de parejas con participaci\u00f3n voluntaria. Este trabajo en particular utiliza tanto la muestra completa de participantes como sub-muestras seleccionadas, en funci\u00f3n de los objetivos espec\u00edficos de cada una de las investigaciones que lo componen. De la misma forma, los procedimientos utilizados, var\u00edan y se adaptan a los objetivos concretos de an\u00e1lisis. finalizado este trabajo se puede concluir que se han cumplido razonablemente los principales objetivos marcados para el mismo. As\u00ed, se puede aceptar la validez de la adaptaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola del cuestionario de cigosidad utilizado. Se ha comprobado que existe una discordancia importante entre la impresi\u00f3n subjetiva de los gemelos y la clasificaci\u00f3n mediante cuestionario y an\u00e1lisis de marcadores gen\u00e9ticos, existiendo una llamativa sobreestimaci\u00f3n de la dicigosidad. La proporci\u00f3n de gemelas que viven en el mismo o diferente municipio, a lo largo de su vida, no est\u00e1 influido por el tipo de cigosidad, cumpli\u00e9ndose en general, y a priori, el supuesto de ambientes id\u00e9nticos. De la misma forma, el tipo de cigosidad tampoco se relaciona con la proporci\u00f3n de pares que han vivido en el mismo municipio durante los primeros 16 a\u00f1os de vida. Para terminar, tras la estimaci\u00f3n de la representatividad de la muestra del rgm respecto a las poblaciones de referencia de murcia y espa\u00f1a, se encuentran resultados que avalan la extrapolaci\u00f3n de los datos a la poblaci\u00f3n general.    this doctoral dissertation deals with twin registries and the &quot;murcia twin registry&quot; (mtr) in particular, as a fundamental research resource for in depth understanding of the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to behavior. Genetically informative designs, specifically twin studies, are an important resource for the analysis of the causes of human phenotypic variation. These designs are the methodology of choice in order to separate genetic from environmental causes in family resemblance. currently, such studies are widely implemented and entail a high degree of specialization, in accordance with its enormous research potential. Their development is based on the existence of multiple births records. Nowadays, twin registries are distributed worldwide, and their implantation represent a methodological response to specific twin studies initiated by the scientific community. zygosity determination, assessment of the equal environment assumption (eea), and verification of the representativeness of the sample, are core issues of the twin studies methodology. These three elements are the key to ensure the usefulness of the comparisons, and the validity of the results obtained. It therefore seems clear that testing these three questions is an essential principle in establishing the scientific utility of any twin registry. this dissertation has three main objectives: to validate the zygosity questionnaire used so far in the mtr, by means of comparing the classification by this instrument and the zygosity results obtained by genetic markers; to analyze the accuracy of the equal environments assumption among participants of the mtr, comparing the data about periods of shared residence between mz and dz twins; and to investigate to what extent the sample of subjects participating in the mtr is representative of the reference population, according to geographical context, sex and age group. the design for the overall development of the mtr is a population-based cohort, consisting of individuals born from multiple births and living in the region of murcia. These subjects are included in a twin registry with voluntary participation. This particular work uses the full sample of mtr participants, as well as some selected sub-samples, depending on the specific objectives of each of the investigations that compose it. In the same way, the procedures used vary and adapt to the specific objectives of analysis. the main conclusion of this dissertation is that the general objective of validating the mtr as a research resource has been reasonably achieved. Some of the main findings that contribute to that objective can be highlighted. The validity of the spanish adaptation of the zygosity questionnaire has been proved. There is a major discrepancy between the subjective zygosity classification of the twins, and the classification by questionnaire and analysis of genetic markers, showing a striking overestimation of dizygosity. The proportion of twins living in the same or different municipality throughout their lives is not influenced by the type of zygosity, fulfilling in general, and a priori, the equal environment assumption. What is more, zygosity is not related to the proportion of pairs who have lived in the same town during the first 16 years of life. Finally, the representativeness of the sample of the mtr in relation to the reference populations of murcia and spain has been estimated and the results support the generalizability of the data to the general population.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Registro de gemelos: utilidades, organizaci\u00f3n y supuestos clave. registro de gemelos de murcia<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Registro de gemelos: utilidades, organizaci\u00f3n y supuestos clave. registro de gemelos de murcia <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Juan  Francisco S\u00e1nchez Romera <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 29\/07\/2013<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Juan  Ramon Ordo\u00f1ana Martin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Martinez selva <\/li>\n<li>\u00e1ngel G\u00f3mez jim\u00e9nez (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>olga Monteagudo piqueras (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Manuel ignacio Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez rib\u00e9s (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Juan Francisco S\u00e1nchez Romera El presente trabajo gira alrededor de los registros de gemelos, y del &quot;registro 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