{"id":114613,"date":"2013-06-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/etica-en-el-cuarto-poder-la-nueva-realidad-del-periodismo\/"},"modified":"2013-06-09T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-06-09T00:00:00","slug":"etica-en-el-cuarto-poder-la-nueva-realidad-del-periodismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/murcia\/etica-en-el-cuarto-poder-la-nueva-realidad-del-periodismo\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00e9tica en el cuarto poder. la nueva realidad del periodismo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Mario Crespo Alcaraz <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen de tesis doctoral  t\u00edtulo: &quot;\u00e9tica en el cuarto poder. La nueva realidad del periodismo&quot; autor: mario crespo alcaraz director: emilio mart\u00ednez navarro departamento de filosof\u00eda universidad de murcia  i. Objetivos  1) analizar el cambio del papel social que ha sufrido el periodismo en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas. 2) describir la crisis del sector en sus principales dimensiones (de rentabilidad de las empresas period\u00edsticas, de p\u00e9rdida de audiencias, de reducci\u00f3n del volumen publicitario y su efectividad, de calidad de la informaci\u00f3n y de prestigio social) y comprobar su relaci\u00f3n con el cambio del papel social del periodismo, para verificar que la crisis del periodismo actual y del negocio de la comunicaci\u00f3n tiene su origen en las pr\u00e1cticas empresariales poco \u00e9ticas, en la visi\u00f3n del periodismo como un negocio, en lugar de un servicio p\u00fablico. 3) evaluar el papel que han desempe\u00f1ado las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas en esta crisis. 4) prever las tendencias de la nueva realidad comunicativa. 5) determinar el rol y responsabilidad de los periodistas en el proceso de cambio del periodismo, su p\u00e9rdida de autonom\u00eda y de influencia en las informaciones publicadas. 6) evaluar la alienaci\u00f3n informativa de la audiencia, as\u00ed como su capacidad de autodeterminaci\u00f3n frente a los mensajes informativos y el protagonismo que la reacci\u00f3n de las audiencias (su fraccionamiento o el periodismo 3.0) puede haber tenido en la crisis estructural del negocio informativo. 7) investigar qu\u00e9 nuevos problemas \u00e9ticos ha generado el proceso de transformaci\u00f3n del periodismo y la crisis informativa. 8) establecer qu\u00e9 propuestas en el campo de la \u00e9tica pueden permitir una recuperaci\u00f3n de la dimensi\u00f3n pol\u00edtico-social de la informaci\u00f3n para contribuir a la democracia en la nueva realidad comunicativa.  ii. Metodolog\u00eda  partiendo del estudio de una amplia selecci\u00f3n publicaciones, se han incorporado an\u00e1lisis de comunic\u00f3logos, testimonios profesionales, estudios de normas jur\u00eddicas, referencias hist\u00f3ricas sobre periodismo, entrevistas, an\u00e1lisis de datos, reflexiones de periodistas veteranos y empresarios de la comunicaci\u00f3n, referencias econ\u00f3micas del sector y propuestas desde numerosos \u00e1mbitos.   iii. Conclusiones   1. La gesti\u00f3n empresarial del periodismo como un gran negocio ha conllevado un cambio sustancial en el papel social que los ciudadanos, los sistemas pol\u00edticos democr\u00e1ticos y sus leyes fundamentales le asignaron, empeque\u00f1eciendo su labor social y agigantando el beneficio privado. 2. La explotaci\u00f3n comercial de los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n, productos y tecnolog\u00eda de la comunicaci\u00f3n de masas gener\u00f3, a partir de los a\u00f1os ochenta del siglo pasado, una expansi\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica en este sector empresarial impulsada por el \u00e9xito comercial en la televisi\u00f3n. 3. El productivismo y la rentabilidad econ\u00f3mica gu\u00edan hoy la gesti\u00f3n de los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n, dirigiendo la inversi\u00f3n empresarial a las aplicaciones tecnol\u00f3gicas en detrimento de la calidad de los contenidos y de la estabilidad de las plantillas period\u00edsticas, todo ello supeditado ahora a la agenda informativa y a los intereses de las fuentes estables. 4. La salida a la crisis del periodismo supondr\u00e1 una importante transformaci\u00f3n de las formas de explotaci\u00f3n, emisi\u00f3n y consumo. El futuro estar\u00e1 m\u00e1s marcado por la tecnolog\u00eda, una rentabilidad m\u00e1s compleja y un comportamiento de las audiencias m\u00e1s activo y menos masivo: separaci\u00f3n del producto respecto del soporte; la prensa escrita ahondar\u00e1 en su crisis pero no desaparecer\u00e1; puede haber f\u00f3rmulas de convergencia digital, como la hubo audiovisual; el periodismo social o 3.0 seguir\u00e1 adelante, aunque no est\u00e1 clara su relaci\u00f3n con las formas actuales de periodismo comercial ni con las futuras; surgir\u00e1n nuevos modelos de negocio que hoy no se vislumbran; habr\u00e1 buen periodismo, pero posiblemente no estar\u00e1 en los medios y productos actuales; el futuro del periodismo lo decidir\u00e1 la rentabilidad, aunque al margen o paralelamente pueden tener un gran \u00e9xito formas no rentables de periodismo, aunque no sea de grandes audiencias. 5. Los periodistas han perdido en las redacciones gran parte de su autonom\u00eda profesional y de su capacidad de influencia en la elaboraci\u00f3n y presentaci\u00f3n final de las informaciones. Los profesionales se enfrentan a las presiones internas de sus jefes para no da\u00f1ar los intereses econ\u00f3micos aliados con la empresa informativa, y a las limitaciones que impone el productivismo, la autocensura y unas condiciones laborales p\u00e9simas. 6. La audiencia en conjunto sufre un proceso de alienaci\u00f3n informativa que contrasta con el aumento de la autodeterminaci\u00f3n de los individuos, que se expresa en reacciones como el periodismo 3.0 o periodismo ciudadano. 7. El cambio del papel social del periodismo, el hiperdesarrollo comunicativo, la concepci\u00f3n de la informaci\u00f3n como negocio, la crisis del sector y las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas han agravado los problemas \u00e9ticos cl\u00e1sicos y han surgido otros problemas \u00e9ticos de segunda generaci\u00f3n. 8. La \u00e9tica period\u00edstica y la calidad de los contenidos constituyen dos aspectos esenciales para la construcci\u00f3n de un nuevo sistema informativo que recupere el equilibrio entre la funci\u00f3n social y el beneficio empresarial.  palabras clave \u00e9tica \/ periodismo \/ \u00e9tica period\u00edstica \/ periodistas \/ contrapoder \/ periodismo 3.0 \/ autorregulaci\u00f3n \/ deontolog\u00eda \/ cuarto poder \/ objetividad  summary of doctoral thesis  title: &quot;ethics in the fourth estate. The new reality of journalism&quot; author: mario crespo alcaraz director: emilio mart\u00ednez navarro department of philosophy university of murcia  i. Objectives  1) to analyse the change that journalism has undergone over recent decades in terms of its social role. 2) to describe the main aspects of the crisis suffered by the sector (the profitability of newspaper corporations, the loss of audience, the reduction in the volume of advertising and its effectiveness, the quality of information and social prestige) and to examine its relation with the change in the social role played by journalism in order to demonstrate that the current crisis in journalism and the communication business is a result of business practices which are unethical and a perspective that sees journalism as a business instead of a public service.  3) to evaluate the role played by new technologies in this crisis. 4) to anticipate the future trends of the new reality of communications. 5) to determine the role and responsibility of journalists in the process of change being experienced by journalism and their loss of autonomy and influence in terms of the information published. 6) to evaluate the informational alienation experienced by the audience, as well as their capacity for forming their own views on the information received, and the key role that audience responses (audience attrition or journalism 3.0) may have played in the structural crisis of the information sector. 7) to investigate the new ethical problems that have emerged from the transformation of journalism and the media crisis. 8) to establish which proposals in the field of ethics may enable a recovery of the politico-social dimension of information, thus contributing towards democracy in the new reality of communications.  ii. Methodology  drawing on a wide selection of publications, this study incorporates analyses carried out by communication theorists, testimonials from professionals, studies of legal standards, historical references to journalism, interviews, data analysis, reflections provided by veteran journalists and communication enterprises, economic references from the sector and proposals from numerous fields.   iii conclusions   1. The fact that journalism has been managed in the same way as a large-scale business has resulted in a significant change in the social role assigned to it by citizens, democratic political systems and their fundamental laws, with its social function being played down while the private gain derived from it is increased.  2. From the 1980s onwards, the commercial exploitation of the media, as well as mass media products and technologies, has led to the economic expansion of this business sector driven by the commercial success of television. 3. Today, the media is managed in a way that is driven by productivity and economic profitability, directing business investment into technological applications to the detriment of the quality of contents and the stability of the journalism industry workforce, which are now subordinated to the news agenda and the vested interests of the stable sources. 4. In order to overcome this crisis, journalism will need to undergo a significant transformation in terms of its exploitation, broadcasting\/publication and consumption. The future will be increasingly marked by technology, more complex profitability, and with audience behaviour which is less massive and more active. Other factors will include the following: the separation of the product from its support; the written press will fall into a deeper crisis but will not disappear entirely; possible new formulas for digital convergence as there were with audiovisual forms; social journalism or journalism 3.0 will continue to move forward, although its relation with current and future forms of commercial journalism is unclear; new business models will emerge which have not been contemplated up to now; good journalism will be available, but it is possible that this may not take the same form as the means and products currently available; the future of journalism will be decided by profitability, although non-profit-making forms of journalism may be successful in parallel with or on the fringes of traditional forms, even if these new forms do not attract large audiences. 5. Journalists have lost a significant amount of professional autonomy when writing up their reports, as well as their capacity to influence the end result and the presentation of their work. Professionals are faced with the internal pressures applied by their bosses so as not to damage the economic interests allied to the news corporation, and with the limitations imposed by the emphasis on productivity, self-censorship and poor working conditions.  6. The entire audience suffers from informational alienation that contrasts with the increase in the self-determination of individuals which is expressed in responses such as journalism 3.0 or citizen journalism. 7. The changing social role of journalism, the hyper-development of communications, the conception of information as business, the crisis in the sector, as well as new technologies, have aggravated traditional ethical problems and other second-generation ethical problems have emerged. 8. Journalism ethics and the quality of contents constitute two crucial elements in the construction of a different kind of information system capable of restoring the balance between its social function and business profit.  key words ethics \/ journalism \/ journalism ethics \/ journalists \/ countervailing \/ journalism 3.0 \/ self-regulation \/ deontology \/ fourth estate \/ objectivity<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>\u00e9tica en el cuarto poder. la nueva realidad del periodismo<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00e9tica en el cuarto poder. la nueva realidad del periodismo <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Mario Crespo Alcaraz <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 06\/09\/2013<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Emilio Gines Martinez Navarro<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Jes\u00fas marcial Conill sancho <\/li>\n<li>enrique Herreras maldonado (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>maite Gobantes bilbao (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Juan Tom\u00e1s frutos (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Mario Crespo Alcaraz Resumen de tesis doctoral t\u00edtulo: &quot;\u00e9tica en el cuarto poder. La nueva realidad del [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[17285,17875,8235,13482],"tags":[55586,146971,12440,7682,143637,227119],"class_list":["post-114613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-empresas-de-servicios-publicos","category-etica-de-grupo","category-murcia","category-politica-de-la-informacion","tag-emilio-gines-Martinez-navarro","tag-enrique-herreras-maldonado","tag-jesus-marcial-conill-sancho","tag-juan-tomas-frutos","tag-maite-gobantes-bilbao","tag-mario-crespo-alcaraz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114613"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114613\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}