{"id":114822,"date":"2013-06-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/respuestas-fisiologicas-moleculares-y-fitoqua%c2%admicas-de-variedades-de-brassica-oleracea-grupo-italica-sometidas-a-estres-abiotico\/"},"modified":"2013-06-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-06-11T00:00:00","slug":"respuestas-fisiologicas-moleculares-y-fitoqua%c2%admicas-de-variedades-de-brassica-oleracea-grupo-italica-sometidas-a-estres-abiotico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/fisiologia-vegetal\/respuestas-fisiologicas-moleculares-y-fitoqua%c2%admicas-de-variedades-de-brassica-oleracea-grupo-italica-sometidas-a-estres-abiotico\/","title":{"rendered":"Respuestas fisiol\u00f3gicas, moleculares y fitoqu\u00edmicas de variedades de brassica oleracea (grupo italica) sometidas a estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Mar\u00eda  Del Carmen Rodriguez Hernandez <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>El br\u00f3culi (brassica oleracea l.) Pertenece a la familia brassicaceae. La regi\u00f3n de murcia es la primera productora de br\u00f3culi en espa\u00f1a y la resistencia del cultivo a la sequ\u00eda y a la salinidad, hacen que el br\u00f3culi sea  una hortaliza de gran inter\u00e9s cient\u00edfico y socio-econ\u00f3mico. El br\u00f3culi es conocido por su alto contenido en compuestos bioactivos esenciales para la salud. Existen factores que afectan a la calidad nutricional, como el genotipo, las condiciones clim\u00e1ticas y pr\u00e1cticas agron\u00f3micas. El estr\u00e9s salino por ejemplo, supone un grave problema en murcia y un problema relacionado con la salinidad, es la acumulaci\u00f3n de boro en la soluci\u00f3n del suelo, que puede volverse t\u00f3xico para las plantas. Por otro lado, se sabe que la concentraci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica de co2 tiene implicaciones para la agricultura y el medio ambiente en su conjunto. Numerosos trabajos han puesto de manifiesto que los niveles elevados de co2 mejoran la fotos\u00edntesis, dando lugar a un crecimiento vigoroso de las plantas y un mayor rendimiento.  por todo lo expuesto, el objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral fue evaluar los factores ambientales y condiciones adversas que condicionan la respuesta de diferentes variedades de br\u00f3culi a nivel fisiol\u00f3gico, as\u00ed como sobre su calidad nutricional. Por tanto, se han estudiado las variaciones de los nutrientes y los compuestos bioactivos y las posibles alteraciones celulares a nivel de la membrana plasm\u00e1tica y expresi\u00f3n de acuaporinas en dichas condiciones, para ver su relaci\u00f3n con otros par\u00e1metros fisiol\u00f3gicos. para la consecuci\u00f3n de los objetivos generales se llevaron a cabo diferentes trabajos experimentales para comprobar las hip\u00f3tesis de partida y obtener las conclusiones generales. El material vegetal empleado fue el br\u00f3culi (p\u00farpura y verde) y muestras de polvo de maca (lepidium meyenii walpas\u00ed). Adem\u00e1s, la germinaci\u00f3n y el cultivo de las plantas fue en c\u00e1mara de cultivo, invernadero y al aire libre (dependiendo del experimento), y se realizaron determinaciones anal\u00edticas como par\u00e1metros de intercambio gaseoso, medidas de relaciones h\u00eddricas, actividades enzim\u00e1ticas, glucosinolatos y compuestos fen\u00f3licos, antocianinas, isotiocianatos y amino\u00e1cidos, entre otros y se emplearon adem\u00e1s t\u00e9cnicas de prote\u00f3mica. Por \u00faltimo, el an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico empleado fue el an\u00e1lisis de varianza y la comparaci\u00f3n de medias se realiz\u00f3 mediante la prueba de diferencia significativa de tukey y mediante el an\u00e1lisis de varianza (anova), as\u00ed como el test de student (p&lt; 0.05). se realizaron cinco experimentos que concluyeron de la siguiente manera: el br\u00f3culi p\u00farpura present\u00f3 mayor desarrollo y calidad nutricional en comparaci\u00f3n con el br\u00f3culi verde tradicional. Mientras que el cultivar p\u00farpura fue m\u00e1s sensible al riego con aguas de baja calidad (80 mm nacl y 4 mg l-1 h3bo3), el cultivar verde fue m\u00e1s resistente, lo que permite su cultivo con agua procedente de desalinizaci\u00f3n. Sin embargo, el cultivar p\u00farpura, mostr\u00f3 mayor concentraci\u00f3n de glusosinolatos en condiciones de salinidad, as\u00ed como en condiciones con alta concentraci\u00f3n de co2, que el cultivar verde. Por \u00faltimo, se ha demostrado una alta bioaccesibilidad y liberaci\u00f3n de glucosinolatos e isotiocianatos, y se constat\u00f3 que las muestras experimentales de br\u00f3culi produc\u00edan mayor concentraci\u00f3n que las muestras comerciales.   broccoli (brassica oleracea l.) Belongs to the family brassicaceae. Murcia region is the largest producer of broccoli in spain and crop resistance to drought and salinity, make that broccoli is a vegetable of great scientific and socio-economic interest. Broccoli is known for its high content of bioactive compounds essential to health. There are factors that affect the nutritional quality, as genotype, climatic conditions and agronomic practices. Salt stress for example, is a serious problem in murcia and a problem related to salinity, is the accumulation of boron in the soil solution, which may become toxic to plants. On the other hand, it is known that the atmospheric concentration of co2 has implications for agriculture and the environment as a whole. Numerous studies have shown that elevated levels of co2 improved photosynthesis, leading to vigorous growth of the plants and higher yields. for these reasons, the main objective of this thesis was to evaluate environmental factors and adverse conditions that affect the response of different varieties of broccoli at the physiological level and on its nutritional quality. It has been studied therefore, variations of nutrients and bioactive compounds and possible cellular alterations in the level of plasma membrane and expression of aquaporins in these conditions, to see its relationship to other physiological parameters. to achieve the overall objectives were carried out several experimental works to test the hypothesis and to obtain general conclusions. The plant material used was broccoli (purple and green) and powder samples of maca (lepidium meyenii walpas\u00ed). In addition, germination and plant cultivation was carried out in chamber, greenhouse and outdoor (depending on the experiment), and analytical determinations were performed as gas exchange parameters, measurements of water relations, enzymatic activities, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, isothiocyanates, and amino acids, among others, and were used in addition proteomic techniques. Finally, statistical analysis used was the analysis of variance and comparison of means was done by tukey test and through analysis of variance (anova) and the student test         (p&lt; 0.05). five experiments were conducted which concluded as follows: purple broccoli showed further development and nutritional quality compared with traditional green broccolis. While purple cultivar was more sensitive to irrigation with low quality water (80 mm nacl y 4 mg l-1 h3bo3), the green cultivar was more resistant, which allows its irrigation with water from desalination. However, purple cultivar, showed more glucosinolates concentration under both saline and elevated concentrations of co2, than green cultivar. Finally, it has been demonstrated high glucosinolates and isothiocyanates bioavailability and release, and it was found that the broccoli experimental samples produced higher concentration than the commercial samples.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Respuestas fisiol\u00f3gicas, moleculares y fitoqu\u00edmicas de variedades de brassica oleracea (grupo italica) sometidas a estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Respuestas fisiol\u00f3gicas, moleculares y fitoqu\u00edmicas de variedades de brassica oleracea (grupo italica) sometidas a estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Mar\u00eda  Del Carmen Rodriguez Hernandez <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 06\/11\/2013<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>M. Carmen Martinez Ballesta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: cristina Garcia viguera <\/li>\n<li>pilar Zafrilla rentero (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Francisco Vitoria jumilla (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>idoia Garmendia lopez (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Mar\u00eda Del Carmen Rodriguez Hernandez El br\u00f3culi (brassica oleracea l.) Pertenece a la familia brassicaceae. La regi\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[479,8235],"tags":[81856,218466,158564,58167,227439,69693],"class_list":["post-114822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fisiologia-vegetal","category-murcia","tag-cristina-garcia-viguera","tag-francisco-vitoria-jumilla","tag-idoia-garmendia-lopez","tag-m-carmen-Martinez-ballesta","tag-maria-del-carmen-rodriguez-hernandez","tag-pilar-zafrilla-rentero"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114822"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114822\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}