{"id":115225,"date":"2014-07-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-07-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/bienestar-del-lechon-en-la-fase-de-lactacion\/"},"modified":"2014-07-02T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-07-02T00:00:00","slug":"bienestar-del-lechon-en-la-fase-de-lactacion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/comportamiento-animal\/bienestar-del-lechon-en-la-fase-de-lactacion\/","title":{"rendered":"Bienestar del lech\u00f3n en la fase de lactaci\u00f3n ."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Patricia Katiusca Cumbe Nacipucha <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen esta tesis presenta un estudio del comportamiento de los lechones adoptados y las estrategias que se podr\u00edan aplicar para disminuir las emociones negativas derivadas de la pr\u00e1ctica de la adopci\u00f3n. en este sentido, se realiz\u00f3 en una primera experiencia un an\u00e1lisis detallado del efecto de la edad en el comportamiento de los lechones adoptados de uno, cuatro y siete d\u00edas de edad durante tres per\u00edodos de observaci\u00f3n de dos horas de duraci\u00f3n. en general, se observ\u00f3 que los lechones adoptados de mayores edades tienen dificultades para adaptarse a la camada y a la cerda adoptiva. Sobre todo los lechones de siete d\u00edas de edad presentan agresiones en la ubre aun durante el tercer periodo con mayores lesiones en la zona de la cabeza. Adem\u00e1s, las conductas observadas en los adoptados como el caminar, las vocalizaciones y el intento de escape fueron buenos indicadores del estado emocional de los lechones y el juego del estado de bienestar. los resultados de este estudio sugieren que las primeras horas de adopci\u00f3n son las m\u00e1s criticas para el lech\u00f3n, afectado tanto emocional como f\u00edsicamente, siendo los lechones de siete d\u00edas de edad los que presentan peor capacidad de adaptaci\u00f3n. Este estudio posteriormente fue utilizado como control en las siguientes experiencias. en la segunda experiencia se analiz\u00f3 el efecto del enriquecimiento ambiental con objetos y el enriquecimiento sensorial ac\u00fastico en los lechones de uno y cuatro d\u00edas de edad en un solo per\u00edodo de observaci\u00f3n de dos horas de duraci\u00f3n inmediatamente despu\u00e9s de la adopci\u00f3n. En general, se observ\u00f3 que los lechones de cuatro d\u00edas de edad permanecieron aislados menos tiempo y los agresores disminuyeron considerable con pocas agresiones de menor duraci\u00f3n, mientras que estas agresiones no existieron en los lechones de 1 d\u00eda. en ambas edades el intento de mamar entre amamantamientos ocurri\u00f3 menos veces y el juego fue frecuente y duradero. Por tanto, el uso del enriquecimiento ambiental beneficiar\u00eda el comportamiento de los lechones en adopci\u00f3n acelerando el proceso de adaptaci\u00f3n. en la tercera experiencia se estudi\u00f3 el efecto del momento del d\u00eda en que se efect\u00faan las adopciones en los lechones de uno y cuatro d\u00edas de edad en un periodo de observaci\u00f3n de dos horas de duraci\u00f3n. Las adopciones fueron realizadas en horas de la tarde y posteriormente comparadas con las adopciones de la primera experiencia realizadas en horas de la ma\u00f1ana. en t\u00e9rminos generales, los lechones de cuatro d\u00edas de edad presentaron un comportamiento de aislamiento disminuido, un descanso prolongado con la camada receptora, y menor frecuencia y tiempo de mamar entre periodos de amamantamiento. Adem\u00e1s, las agresiones en ambas edades duraron poco tiempo y las agresiones entre adoptados y residentes decrecieron, asimismo, en los lechones de cuatro d\u00edas de edad el porcentaje de lechones agresores disminuy\u00f3. Mientras que el juego fue muy frecuente y prolongado en los lechones de un d\u00eda de edad. Por lo cual, pensamos que realizar las adopciones en horas de la tarde puede ayudar a disminuir el estado de frustraci\u00f3n de los lechones adoptados. en la cuarta experiencia se consider\u00f3 el efecto de la situaci\u00f3n espacial de la madre biol\u00f3gica en el comportamiento de los lechones adoptados. Los lechones adoptados manifestaron un comportamiento de aislamiento disminuido, tardaron en mamar entre amamantamientos, el intento de escape y las vocalizaciones disminuyeron. Las agresiones en los lechones de un d\u00eda no existieron y duraron poco tiempo en los de cuatro d\u00edas de edad. En base a estos resultados sugerimos que realizar las adopciones en un ambiente aislado de los est\u00edmulos familiares podr\u00eda ayudar a disminuir las emociones negativas en los lechones. abstract this thesis presents a study on the behavior of adopted piglets and the strategies that could be applied to reduce the negative emotions caused by the practice of adoption. in the first study a detailed analysis on the behavior of adopted pigs from the ages of one, four and seven days, during three distinct stages of observation which was two hours in duration distributed over a twenty-four period. in general, it was observed that adopted pigs of older ages had difficulties adapting to their litter and to their adoptive sow, especially pigs of seven days of age, which resulted repeated attempts to escape and a marked \u00c2\u00bfwandering-squealing syndrome during the first period and aggression during sucking towards other members of the litter this resulted in major injuries to the zone of the head and continue into the third period. the results of this study suggests that the first hours of adoption were the most critical for adopted piglets which were affected both emotionally and physically. We observed that piglets of seven days of age had the worst difficulty in adapting. This study was later used in a controlled experiment in later studies. in the second study we analyzed the effect of environmental enrichment on two distinct age groups one and four days, in only one period of observation of two hours immediately after adoption. In general, we observed that the piglets of four days of age kept themselves isolated lesser time and that the aggressive piglets behaviour diminished considerably, with fewer aggressions and for shorter durations. however this type of aggression did not exist in the piglets of one day. In both ages, the sucking attempt between nursing happened for a lesser number of times and play was frequent and longer. Therefore, the use of environmental enrichment could benefit the behavior of piglets in adoption, accelerating the process of adjustment. in the third study we aimed to establish whether the time of the day adoptions took place affected the piglets of one and four days of age, in period of observation of just two hours. The adoptions that took place in the evening and were subsequently compared to adoptions that were carried out in the first study in the morning. Overall piglets of four days of age presented behavior of reduced self isolation, prolonged rest with their litter receptora and less frequent sucking times and for shorter times between periods of nursing. On the other hand, aggression in both ages lasted for a short time and aggression directed towards the receptor litter decreased. , The percentage of piglet aggressors from the four days group decreased, whereas the play behaviour of the one day piglets was very frequent and prolonged. the investigation demostrated adoptions conducted in the evening helped reduce frustration in adopted piglets. in the last study we considered the effect of the spatial location of the biological mother in the behavior of the adopted piglets. We observed decreased self isolation, latency sucking between nursings, simultaneously attempts to escape and vocalizations declined. The aggression in the piglets of one day did not exist, whereas in those of four days lasted a short time. On the basis of these results we suggest that adoptions should be carried out in isolation from the birth family stimuli which helps in decreasing negative emotions in the piglets.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Bienestar del lech\u00f3n en la fase de lactaci\u00f3n .<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Bienestar del lech\u00f3n en la fase de lactaci\u00f3n . <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Patricia Katiusca Cumbe Nacipucha <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 07\/02\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mar\u00eda  Luisa Hevia Mendez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: vicente ramiro Gaudioso lacasa <\/li>\n<li>vicente Gonzalez eguren (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Francisco cayetano Fuentes garcia (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>julio Tovar andrada (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Patricia Katiusca Cumbe Nacipucha Resumen esta tesis presenta un estudio del comportamiento de los lechones adoptados y 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