{"id":115615,"date":"2014-09-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-09-05T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/influencia-hormonal-en-el-uso-eficiente-del-agua-y-en-respuesta-al-estres-abiotico-en-tomate-solanum-lycopersicum-l\/"},"modified":"2014-09-05T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-09-05T00:00:00","slug":"influencia-hormonal-en-el-uso-eficiente-del-agua-y-en-respuesta-al-estres-abiotico-en-tomate-solanum-lycopersicum-l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/bioquimica-vegetal\/influencia-hormonal-en-el-uso-eficiente-del-agua-y-en-respuesta-al-estres-abiotico-en-tomate-solanum-lycopersicum-l\/","title":{"rendered":"Influencia hormonal en el uso eficiente del agua y en respuesta al estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico en  tomate (solanum lycopersicum l)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Elena Cantero Navarro <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>La disponibilidad de agua es una de las mayores limitaciones en la productividad vegetal (boyer, 1982) y es uno de los principales factores en la distribuci\u00f3n de las especies vegetales. La tolerancia de un cultivo al estr\u00e9s h\u00eddrico esta esencialmente vinculada a su capacidad de acceder al agua del suelo y utilizarla de manera m\u00e1s eficiente. El cultivo del tomate destaca tanto por su importancia econ\u00f3mica como por representar un elevado consumo de recursos h\u00eddricos, de manera que cualquier mejora en el uso eficiente del agua (wue) tendr\u00eda un gran impacto socioecon\u00f3mico y medioambiental. Se estima que un incremento de un 10% en el wue en este cultivo podr\u00eda suponer, en la regi\u00f3n de murcia, un ahorro de m\u00e1s de 1.1 hm3 de agua de riego, cantidad equivalente a los requerimientos anuales de una poblaci\u00f3n de 20.000 habitantes la secci\u00f3n experimental del manuscrito se ha dividido en dos partes diferenciadas. En primer lugar, con el objetivo de estudiar el papel de las invertasas en la respuesta al estr\u00e9s h\u00eddrico en tomate (solanum lycopersicon l.), Se generaron plantas transg\u00e9nicas que sobreexpresaban un gen de una invertasa extracelular de chenopodium rubrum (cin1) bajo el control de un promotor de invertasa vacuolar de solanum pimpinellifolium (invlp6g). En segundo lugar, se realiz\u00f3 una aproximaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica con objeto de identificar y explotar caracteres h\u00eddricos y hormonales implicados en  la mejora del wue en tomate mediante el uso de l\u00edneas recombinantes (rils) de tomate procedentes de un cruce entre s. Lycopersicum cv moneymaker y s. Pimpinellifollium acc. To-937. la sobreexpresi\u00f3n del gen cin1 dio lugar a una disminuci\u00f3n de la transpiraci\u00f3n acumulada y a un incremento de la tasa fotosint\u00e9tica, resultando, por tanto, en un incremento del wue en relaci\u00f3n a las plantas no transformadas, al final del periodo de estr\u00e9s h\u00eddrico (9 d\u00edas). Esto parece estar relacionado con una mejor regulaci\u00f3n de las relaciones fuente-sumidero a trav\u00e9s del mantenimiento del flujo metab\u00f3lico. Adem\u00e1s, se observ\u00f3 una mejora en los mecanismos antioxidativos de las plantas cin1. Los cambios observados en el metabolismo primario se asociaron con cambios en el balance hormonal: incremento de las concentraciones de la ck m\u00e1s activa en tomate, trans-zeatina (t-z), y disminuci\u00f3n en los niveles del precursor del etileno acc. De este modo, la invertasa extracelular act\u00faa como punto integrador entre el metabolismo primario y las fitohormonas en respuesta al estr\u00e9s h\u00eddrico, postul\u00e1ndose como una nueva estrategia para superar los efectos adversos del estr\u00e9s h\u00eddricos sobre la fisiolog\u00eda y la productividad final del cultivo.  por otra parte, mediante una aproximaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica se pudieron identificar aquellas se\u00f1ales h\u00eddricas y hormonales implicadas en la regulaci\u00f3n del wue a trav\u00e9s del control de la biomasa foliar y de la capacidad fotosint\u00e9tica. La explotaci\u00f3n de dichos caracteres mediante la tecnolog\u00eda del injerto ha demostrado tener una utilidad directa sobre la mejora de la productividad final de la planta a trav\u00e9s de la comunicaci\u00f3n ra\u00edz-parte a\u00e9rea. El precursor del etileno acc y el aba parecen ser se\u00f1ales hormonales implicadas en el crecimiento foliar principalmente al final del periodo de cultivo, cuando la tasa de transpiraci\u00f3n era m\u00e1s elevada. El acc se asoci\u00f3 positivamente con el wueay (en base a producci\u00f3n de fruto) y negativamente con el wueav (en base a biomasa vegetativa) a trav\u00e9s de una regulaci\u00f3n negativa del \u00e1rea foliar. Otros factores hormonales, como las cks, sa, acc y ja tambi\u00e9n parecen ser se\u00f1ales (positivas) en la regulaci\u00f3n del crecimiento foliar y por tanto del wuea.  por tanto, mediante una aproximaci\u00f3n funcional, se ha puesto de manifiesto el papel de las invertasas en la tolerancia al estr\u00e9s h\u00eddrico a trav\u00e9s de una modificaci\u00f3n del balance hormonal. Por otro lado, mediante una aproximaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica usando l\u00edneas ril se han identificado caracteres hormonales (principalmente acc y cks), implicados en la regulaci\u00f3n del wue en tomate, y que han sido explotados para mejorar la productividad mediante la tecnolog\u00eda del injerto.          water availability is one of the major constraints on plant productivity (boyer, 1982) as well as one of the main factors for the distribution of plant species. The tolerance of a crop to drought stress is essentially related to its ability to access to soil water and its efficiency use. In spain, tomato is an important and high water consuming crop. Any improvement in water use efficiency (wue) would imply a significant socioeconomic and environmental impact (e.G. An improvement of 10% in wue of the greenhouse tomato crop in the region of murcia would save is equivalent to the water consumption of a population of 20.000 inhabitants). the experimental section of this thesis has been divided into two parts. Firstly, with the aim of studying the role of invertase in response to drought stress in tomato (solanum lycopersicon l.), We generated transgenic plants overexpressing the cell wall invertase (cwinv) gene cin1 from chenopodium rubrum under the control of a promoter of vacuolar invertase from solanum pimpinellifolium (invlp6g). Secondly, we applied a genetic approach to identify and exploit water and\/or hormonal-related traits associated with wue through the use of a population of recombinant inbred lines (ril) derived from a cross between solanum lycopersicum and solanum pimpinellifolium. cin1 overexpression resulted in a decrease in accumulated transpiration and higher carbon assimilation, thereby increasing wue compared to wild-type (wt) plants at the end of the drought period (9 days). This seems to be related to a better regulation of source-sink relations by maintaining metabolic fluxes. In addition, anti-oxidative mechanisms were improved in the cin1 plants. Changes observed in primary metabolism were associated with changes in the hormonal balance. The concentration of the most active cytokinin (ck) in tomato trans-zeatin (t-z) increased while the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) decreased in the cin1 plants respect to wt. Thus, cwinv critically functions at the integration point of metabolic, hormonal and stress signals, providing a novel strategy to overcome drought -induced limitations to crop yield, without negatively affecting plant fitness under optimal growth conditions. moreover, by using a genetic approach we could identify water- and hormonal-related traits directly involved in wue regulation. These physiological traits can be directly transferred from the root to the scion through the use of selected rils as rootstocks, improving crop productivity through root-to-shoot communication. Both the ethylene precursor acc and aba concentrations seem to be hormonal signals involved in leaf growth at the end of the experiment with higher transpiration rate. Acc was positively associated with wueay (base on fruit yield) and negatively with wueav (based on vegetative biomass) through down-regulation of leaf area. Additionally, cks, salicylic acid, acc and jasmonic acid seem to be positive hormonal parameters regulating leaf growth and wuea. therefore, by using a functional approach it has been demonstrated that invertases play an important role in abiotic stress adaptation through a regulation in the hormonal balance. On the other hand, by using a genetic approach employing ril lines we identified hormonal characters (mostly acc and cks), involved in the regulation of wue in tomato and, thereafter, we exploited those characters to improve productivity crop thought the use of grafting.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Influencia hormonal en el uso eficiente del agua y en respuesta al estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico en  tomate (solanum lycopersicum l)<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Influencia hormonal en el uso eficiente del agua y en respuesta al estr\u00e9s abi\u00f3tico en  tomate (solanum lycopersicum l) <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Elena Cantero Navarro <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 09\/05\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Francisco Perez Alfocea<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: manuel Acosta echeverria <\/li>\n<li>rosa m. Rivero vargas (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>michel edmond Ghanem (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>cristina Mart\u00ednez and\u00fajar (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Elena Cantero Navarro La disponibilidad de agua es una de las mayores limitaciones en la productividad vegetal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[37372,209,479,8235,2309],"tags":[120762,228624,37177,8610,228625,70850],"class_list":["post-115615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biologia-molecular-de-plantas","category-bioquimica-vegetal","category-fisiologia-vegetal","category-murcia","category-nutricion-vegetal","tag-cristina-Martinez-andujar","tag-elena-cantero-navarro","tag-francisco-perez-alfocea","tag-manuel-acosta-echeverria","tag-michel-edmond-ghanem","tag-rosa-m-rivero-vargas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115615"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115615\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}