{"id":115740,"date":"2014-03-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-03-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/maltrato-infantil-un-estudio-empa%c2%adrico-sobre-variables-psicologicas-en-menores-tutelados\/"},"modified":"2014-03-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-03-06T00:00:00","slug":"maltrato-infantil-un-estudio-empa%c2%adrico-sobre-variables-psicologicas-en-menores-tutelados","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/psicopatologia\/maltrato-infantil-un-estudio-empa%c2%adrico-sobre-variables-psicologicas-en-menores-tutelados\/","title":{"rendered":"Maltrato infantil: un estudio emp\u00edrico sobre variables psicol\u00f3gicas en menores tutelados."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> M\u00aa Visitaci\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez Fern\u00e1ndez <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Autor: m\u00aa visitaci\u00f3n fern\u00e1ndez fern\u00e1ndez. t\u00edtulo: maltrato infantil: un estudio emp\u00edrico sobre variables psicopatol\u00f3gicas en menores tutelados. directores: concepci\u00f3n l\u00f3pez soler y jos\u00e9 antonio l\u00f3pez pina. departamento: personalidad, evaluaci\u00f3n y tratamiento psicol\u00f3gicos. objetivo: el prop\u00f3sito de esta investigaci\u00f3n fue conocer la afectaci\u00f3n a nivel: i) psicopatol\u00f3gico, perfil inter y externalizante, ii) deestr\u00e9s postraum\u00e1tico, y iii) de inadaptaci\u00f3n psicosocial en ni\u00f1os\/as en situaci\u00f3n de acogimiento residencial o acogimiento especial (en familia extensa o familia ajena) y su relaci\u00f3n con el maltrato sufrido. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 86 menores de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 17 a\u00f1os (51.2% ni\u00f1os y 48.8% ni\u00f1as).  m\u00e9todo: para la evaluaci\u00f3n de las variables psicol\u00f3gicas descritas se aplic\u00f3 el child behavior checklist (cbcl; achenbach y edelbrock, 1983), el child ptsd symtom scale (cpss; foa, johnson, feen, &amp; tredwell, 2001) y el test autoevaluativo multifactorial de adaptaci\u00f3n infantil (tamai; hern\u00e1ndez, 1983). se realiz\u00f3 un an\u00e1lisis de frecuencias y tablas de contingencia para hallar la preValencia en los s\u00edndromes emp\u00edricos, de estr\u00e9s postraum\u00e1tico y adaptaci\u00f3n psicosocial, por sexo e intervalos de edad. La preValencia de los s\u00edndromes emp\u00edricos se calcul\u00f3 tomando como criterio puntuaciones superiores al pc 93. Respecto al estr\u00e9s postraum\u00e1tico se han empleado diversos criterios: dsm-iv-tr, dsm-5 y criterios de tept parcial (scheeringa, et al., 2003, scheeringa, zeana &amp; cohen, 2010; jaycox et al, 2009). Finalmente, se realiz\u00f3 un an\u00e1lisis inferencial de las subescalas del cpss y del cbcl con respecto al sexo, grupo de edad, tipo de tutela y nacionalidad. resultados: el an\u00e1lisis de preValencias mostr\u00f3 que en la mayor\u00eda de los s\u00edndromes cl\u00ednicos del cbcl, los ni\u00f1os (6 a los 12 a\u00f1os) presentaron una preValencia mayor que los adolescentes (13 a 17 a\u00f1os) (45.4% frente al 41.6%, respectivamente). En las agrupaciones por sexo, las ni\u00f1as presentaron sintomatolog\u00eda de tipo internalizante y los ni\u00f1os externalizante. En general las preValencias se sit\u00faan entre el 43% de sintomatolog\u00eda internalizante en ni\u00f1as y 42.6% externalizante en ni\u00f1os. en cuanto a la adaptaci\u00f3n psicosocial, el \u00e1rea m\u00e1s afectada es la familiar y la social, no se encontraron diferencias significativas. El n\u00famero de \u00e1reas afectadas fue mayor para los\/as adolescentes. Las preValencias globales fueron similares para ambos sexos.  \ten estr\u00e9s postraum\u00e1ticolas ni\u00f1as presentaron mayor preValencia que los ni\u00f1os. Con respecto a la edad (6-12 a\u00f1os y 13-17 a\u00f1os), los adolescentes informaron de m\u00e1s sintomatolog\u00eda tept que los peque\u00f1os. Teniendo en cuenta loscriterios diagn\u00f3sticos tept empleados en el del dsm-iv-tr, el porcentaje de menores que cumpli\u00f3 dichos criterios fue del 30%; y con criterios dsm-5, la preValencia fue del 27.1%. se encontr\u00f3 una correlaci\u00f3n significativa entre la escala de reexperimentaci\u00f3n y quejas som\u00e1ticas. Se calcul\u00f3 el n\u00famero de menores que presentaron, a la vez, estr\u00e9s postraum\u00e1tico (jaycox, et al., 2009) y uno o m\u00e1s s\u00edndromes emp\u00edricos. Los resultados mostraron que el 75% de las ni\u00f1as de 8 a 12 a\u00f1os y el 66% de 13 a 17 a\u00f1os, presentaron tept y dos o m\u00e1s s\u00edndromes emp\u00edricos. El 57% de los ni\u00f1os de 8 a 12 a\u00f1os y el 67% de  13 a 17 a\u00f1os presentaron tept y dos o m\u00e1s s\u00edndromes emp\u00edricos. \tfinalmente el an\u00e1lisis inferencial, mostr\u00f3 que en la escala del cpss, las ni\u00f1as presentaron significaciones marginales en reexperimentaci\u00f3n y evitaci\u00f3n. En funci\u00f3n de la edad, tipo de tutela y nacionalidad, ninguna subescala result\u00f3 significativa. En el cbcl, no se encontraron diferencias en las subescalas en funci\u00f3n del sexo. En funci\u00f3n de la edad, se encontr\u00f3 diferencias significativas en quejas som\u00e1ticas y problemas de pensamiento en los menores de 13 a 17 a\u00f1os. Para el tipo de tutela con familia extensa, se encontraron diferencias significativas en los s\u00edndromes de retraimiento\/depresi\u00f3n, problemas de pensamiento, problemas de atenci\u00f3n y conducta antinormativa, y marginalmente significativa en problemas sociales.   author: m\u00aa visitaci\u00f3n fern\u00e1ndez fern\u00e1ndez. title: child abuse: an empirical study of psychopathological variables in children under guardianship. directores: concepci\u00f3n l\u00f3pez soler y jos\u00e9 antonio l\u00f3pez pina. departament: personality, evaluation and psychological treatments.  objective: the purpose of the present research is to determine the affectation in the following areas: i) psychopathological level and internalizing\/externalizing profile; ii) post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd); iii) maladjustment, and its relation to the type of abuse suffered, in children living in residential care or in special care  (i.E. Living with extended family members or other families). The sample consisted of 86 children aged between 6 and 17 years (51.2% boys and 48.8% girls). method: to assess the psychological variables we applied the child behavior checklist (cbcl; achenbach and edelbrock, 1983), the child ptsd symptom scale (cpss; foa, johnson, feen, &amp; tredwell, 2001), and the test autoevaluativo multifactorial de adaptaci\u00f3n infantil [in english, multifactor self-assessment test of child adjustment] (tamai; hern\u00e1ndez, 1983).  we conducted a frequency analysis and created contingency tables according to gender and age group to find the prevalence of empirical syndromes, ptsd, and psychosocial adjustment. The prevalence of empirical syndromes was calculated using criterion scores higher than the 93rd percentile. To measure ptsd, we used the following criteria: dsm-iv-tr, dsm-5, and partial ptsd criteria (scheeringa, et al., 2003; scheeringa, zeana &amp; cohen, 2010; jaycox et al., 2009). We conducted an inferential analysis of the cbcl and cpss subscales according to gender, age, nationality, and source of guardianship. results: regarding prevalence, analyses showed that in most cases of clinical syndromes (measured by the cbcl), children (ages 6-12 years) showed a higher prevalence rate than did adolescents (ages 13-17 years), 45.4% versus 41.6%, respectively. When evaluating clusters according to gender, girls showed both internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. The prevalence of internalizing symptoms in females was 43%, while the prevalence of externalizing symptoms in males was 42.6%. regarding psychosocial adjustment, family was found to be the factor most strongly associated with maladjustment, while no significant differences were found for direct social factors. We found a higher number of factors associated with psychosocial adjustment among adolescents in comparison to children in our sample. The overall prevalence of psychological maladjustment was similar among both genders.  regarding ptsd, females showed higher prevalence rates than did males. When comparing age groups, adolescents reported more ptsd symptomatology than did children in our sample. We evaluated the prevalence of ptsd by using two diagnostic criteria and found the following results: 30% of children met criteria for ptsd according to the dsm-iv-tr, and 27.1% met for ptsd according to the dsm-5.  we found a significant correlation between the re-experiencing and somatic complaints scales. We also estimated the number of children who met for ptsd (jaycox et al., 2009) and presented with one or more empirical syndromes simultaneously. Results showed that 75% of females between the ages of 8 and 12 and 66% of females between the ages of 13 and 17 met for ptsd and presented with two or more empirical syndromes. A total of 57% of males between 8 and 12 years old and 67% of males between 13 and 17 years old met for ptsd and presented with two or more empirical syndromes. our inferential analyses showed that, according to the cpss scale, females had marginally significant scores in the areas of re-experiencing and avoidance. When evaluating age, type of guardianship, and nationality, no subscale was found to be significant. According to the cbcl, no significant differences were found in the subscales according to gender. Regarding age, significant differences were found in the areas of somatic complaints and thought problems among adolescents (13-17 years old). Regarding guardianship by extended family, significant differences were found in the areas of withdrawn\/depression, thought problems, attention problems and anti-normative behavior, while marginally significant differences were found in the social problems area.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Maltrato infantil: un estudio emp\u00edrico sobre variables psicol\u00f3gicas en menores tutelados.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Maltrato infantil: un estudio emp\u00edrico sobre variables psicol\u00f3gicas en menores tutelados. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 M\u00aa Visitaci\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez Fern\u00e1ndez <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 03\/06\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Jos\u00e9 Antonio Lopez Pina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: cristina Botella arbona <\/li>\n<li>Manuel S\u00e1nchez sol\u00eds querol (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>rosa Mar\u00eda Ba\u00f1os rivera (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Jorge  Carlos Fernandez del valle (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de M\u00aa Visitaci\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez Fern\u00e1ndez Autor: m\u00aa visitaci\u00f3n fern\u00e1ndez fern\u00e1ndez. t\u00edtulo: maltrato infantil: un estudio emp\u00edrico sobre variables 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