{"id":116205,"date":"2018-03-11T10:45:12","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/inmovilizacion-de-elementos-potencialmente-toxicos-en-zonas-mineras-abandonadas-mediante-la-construccion-de-tecnosoles-y-barreras-reactivas-permeables\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:45:12","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:45:12","slug":"inmovilizacion-de-elementos-potencialmente-toxicos-en-zonas-mineras-abandonadas-mediante-la-construccion-de-tecnosoles-y-barreras-reactivas-permeables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/edafologia\/inmovilizacion-de-elementos-potencialmente-toxicos-en-zonas-mineras-abandonadas-mediante-la-construccion-de-tecnosoles-y-barreras-reactivas-permeables\/","title":{"rendered":"Inmovilizaci\u00f3n de elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos en zonas mineras abandonadas mediante la construcci\u00f3n de tecnosoles y barreras reactivas permeables."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Victor Perez Espinosa <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen existen numerosas zonas de miner\u00eda met\u00e1lica abandonadas en el mundo. La zona de estudio, se encuentra en el entorno de la sierra minera de cartagena-la uni\u00f3n, la bah\u00eda de portm\u00e1n (regi\u00f3n de murcia). Esta zona, presenta altos niveles de metales de forma natural, pero la actividad minera prolongada y posterior abandono de las explotaciones, ha tenido consecuencias sobre el medio ambiente.  esta investigaci\u00f3n parte del proyecto piloto para la recuperaci\u00f3n de los suelos contaminados de la bah\u00eda portm\u00e1n, donde se puso en pr\u00e1ctica la tecnolog\u00eda. en funci\u00f3n de las caracter\u00edsticas de los contaminantes de la zona de estudio y de los riesgos asociados, se seleccionan las tecnolog\u00edas de descontaminaci\u00f3n, entre las cuales est\u00e1n las tecnolog\u00edas de recuperaci\u00f3n in situ. Las t\u00e9cnicas de inmovilizaci\u00f3n, solidificaci\u00f3n\/ estabilizaci\u00f3n son las seleccionadas para llevar a cabo la recuperaci\u00f3n\/descontaminaci\u00f3n. el objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral es la de evaluar la inmovilizaci\u00f3n de elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos en zonas mineras abandonadas y recuperadas mediante tecnolog\u00edas de descontaminaci\u00f3n, estabilizaci\u00f3n in situ, a partir de sus lixiviados de flujo vertical y lateral, por la posible incorporaci\u00f3n a las aguas subsuperficiales y subterr\u00e1neas.  para ello se plantean los objetivos parciales: &quot;\testudio y comportamiento de adsorbentes de etps de naturaleza caliza. &quot;\testudio del comportamiento de etps en tecnosoles con diferentes horizontes o capas de tratamiento. &quot;\testudio de la retenci\u00f3n de etps mediante el empleo de barreras reactivas permeables de zonas mineras. de esta forma se busca un material adsorbente adecuado para ser utilizado en la recuperaci\u00f3n de suelos y aguas contaminadas en zonas mineras, mediante su caracterizaci\u00f3n y ensayos de adsorci\u00f3n\/desorci\u00f3n.  se selecciona el filler calizo procedente de las canteras de \u00e1ridos de la regi\u00f3n de murcia como material adsorbente, valoriz\u00e1ndolo. Este material se caracteriza de forma f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmica y mineral\u00f3gica. Es rico en carbonato c\u00e1lcico finamente dividido. Adem\u00e1s, tiene buenas propiedades de adsorci\u00f3n, alta alcalinidad, bajo coste y alta disponibilidad.  a continuaci\u00f3n, se construyeron tecnosoles utilizando distintos porcentajes de filler calizo (30%, 20%, 10% y 0%) mezclado con sedimentos contaminados representativos de la bah\u00eda. El contenido en hierro y epts de estos sedimentos var\u00eda en el ars\u00e9nico entre 419-134 mg\/kg, cadmio 8,4-0,2 mg\/kg, cobre 41-19 mg\/kg, cinc 10530-1984 mg\/kg y hierro 33-24 %. Los tecnosoles tienen diferentes cubiertas, de espesores diferentes, constituidas por suelo natural y grava. Se realizaron experiencias de riego para estudiar la movilizaci\u00f3n de epts y su variaci\u00f3n temporal. las aguas superficiales de la bah\u00eda pueden tener concentraciones medias de hierro de 40 mg\/l, ars\u00e9nico 11 \u00c2\u00b5g\/l, cadmio 1,4 mg\/l, cobre 0,6 mg\/l, plomo 11 mg\/l y cinc 186 mg\/l. se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de inmovilizaci\u00f3n de etps en flujo vertical en laboratorio, mediante experiencias de lixiviaci\u00f3n en columnas de flujo controlado. En las columnas se utilizan como material adsorbente, filler de cantera caliza y residuos de hormig\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n con un alto contenido en carbonato c\u00e1lcico. paralelamente, se han realizado ensayos de inmovilizaci\u00f3n en flujo lateral mediante barreras permeables reactivas  constituidas por un filler calizo al 50% y 50% de grava, situada paralelamente a la l\u00ednea de playa de la bah\u00eda.  \tde los resultados obtenidos se concluye que: respecto al material adsorbente. El filler calizo de la regi\u00f3n de murcia, es un material adecuado, ecoeficiente, para la recuperaci\u00f3n de suelos contaminados, capaz de actuar como material adsorbente de las formas solubles de los elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos. en cuanto a la variabilidad en funci\u00f3n de los tratamientos en los tecnosoles, la m\u00e1xima efectividad del tratamiento se alcanza con un 30 % de carbonato c\u00e1lcico mezclado con el sedimento contaminado. seg\u00fan los estudios de la variabilidad temporal de los lixiviados, los tecnosoles con filler calizo, con el paso del tiempo, son estables. respecto a la movilidad en flujo lateral y vertical, las barreras estudiadas, en laboratorio y en campo, act\u00faan de forma eficaz, inmovilizando elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos.   abstract past mining activities have left behind them a large number of sites with a high content of potentially toxic elements, both natural man-made in origin. Such is portman bay in the region of murcia, south-eastern spain, which, it is estimated, contains 67 million tonnes of wastes. The pilot project to recover the bay, in which a new soil recovery technique is tried for the first time in situ, is the origin of this thesis.  the main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the immobilisation of potentially toxic elements in abandoned mining areas after recovery by in situ stabilisation involving vertical and lateral leachate flow, by the possible incorporation into the groundwater and subsurface water. for this, three partial objectives were set: &quot;\tstudy of the behaviour of calcareous adsorbents of potentially toxic elements (ptes). &quot;\tstudy of the behaviour of ptes in technosols with different horizons or layers. &quot;\tstudy of pte retention by using permeable reactive barriers a limestone filler from several aggregate quarries of the region of murcia was used as adsorbent because it is rich in finely divided calcium carbonate and because of its good adsorption properties, high alkalinity, availability and low cost technosols were made using different percentages of limestone filler (30%, 20%, 10% and 0%) mixed with contaminated sediments typical of portman bay with covers of different thicknesses of natural soil and gravel. the iron content and pets of these sediment vary: arsenic (419-134 mg\/kg), cadmium (8.4-0.2 mg\/kg), copper (41-19 mg\/kg), zinc (10530-1984 mg\/kg) and iron (33-24 %). a vertical flow study of pte immobilisation was carried out in the laboratory by means of leaching experiments in flow columns, using limestone filler and concrete wastes as adsorbent. At the same time, lateral flow experiments were carried out using permeable reagents made of 50% filler and 50% gravel, placed on the beach parallel to the coastline to neutralise the surface waters in the bay that may contain mean concentrations of iron of 40 mg\/l, arsenic 11 \u00c2\u00b5g\/l, cadmium 1.4 mg\/l, copper 0.6 mg\/l, lead 11 mg\/l y zinc 186 mg\/l. the following conclusions are based on the results: &quot;\tlimestone filler from the region of murcia is an eco-efficient material for recovering contaminated soils, acting as a good adsorbent of the soluble forms of potentially toxic elements. &quot;\tthe maximum effectiveness is reached with 30% calcium carbonate mixed with contaminated sediment. &quot;\tthe technosols treated with limestone filler are stable. &quot;\tas regards lateral and vertical flow, the barriers studied in the laboratory and in the field efficiently immobilize the potentially toxic elements studied.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Inmovilizaci\u00f3n de elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos en zonas mineras abandonadas mediante la construcci\u00f3n de tecnosoles y barreras reactivas permeables.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Inmovilizaci\u00f3n de elementos potencialmente t\u00f3xicos en zonas mineras abandonadas mediante la construcci\u00f3n de tecnosoles y barreras reactivas permeables. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Victor Perez Espinosa <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 24\/07\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mar\u00eda  Jose Martinez Sanchez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: isabel Gonzalez diez <\/li>\n<li>concepcion Marcos diego (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>gloria Villora cano (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Antonio Romero baena (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Victor Perez Espinosa Resumen existen numerosas zonas de miner\u00eda met\u00e1lica abandonadas en el mundo. La zona de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2498,8235],"tags":[229515,53984,93821,208723,208722,229514],"class_list":["post-116205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edafologia","category-murcia","tag-antonio-romero-baena","tag-concepcion-marcos-diego","tag-gloria-villora-cano","tag-isabel-gonzalez-diez","tag-maria-jose-Martinez-sanchez","tag-victor-perez-espinosa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116205"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116205\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}