{"id":116539,"date":"2018-03-11T10:45:40","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/matronas-murcianas-mujeres-y-profesionales-1940-1977\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:45:40","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:45:40","slug":"matronas-murcianas-mujeres-y-profesionales-1940-1977","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/historia-de-la-medicina\/matronas-murcianas-mujeres-y-profesionales-1940-1977\/","title":{"rendered":"Matronas murcianas: mujeres y profesionales (1940-1977)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Natalia Emilia Rodriguez Portilla <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Matronas murcianas: mujeres y profesionales (1940-1977)  resumen objetivos objetivo general. conocer y hacer visibles las vivencias personales y profesionales de un grupo de matronas que ejercieron en murcia durante el per\u00edodo comprendido entre 1940 y 1977 desde una perspectiva integral y de g\u00e9nero. objetivos espec\u00edficos. 1.\tDeterminar la influencia familiar en la formaci\u00f3n de las matronas. 2.\tIdentificar la formaci\u00f3n acad\u00e9mica de las matronas indagando en los itinerarios y requisitos formativos, los contenidos y manuales para su formaci\u00f3n y su vida cotidiana durante esta etapa. 3.\tDefinir las estrategias desarrolladas por las matronas para conciliar trabajo y familia. 4.\tConocer e interpretar el cambio en el trabajo de las matronas del contexto domiciliario al hospitalario.  metodolog\u00eda desde las propuestas de la hermen\u00e9utica a trav\u00e9s de un enfoque cualitativo hemos escogido el m\u00e9todo etnogr\u00e1fico. Realizamos 13 relatos biogr\u00e1ficos a matronas formadas durante 1940-1977 y que ejercieron en murcia durante este periodo adem\u00e1s de 6 entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad para la triangulaci\u00f3n de datos y ampliaci\u00f3n de la informaci\u00f3n.  resultados  tras la transcripci\u00f3n y fragmentaci\u00f3n de las entrevistas mediante an\u00e1lisis tem\u00e1tico del contenido surgieron tres categor\u00edas: la formaci\u00f3n de las matronas, el trabajo de las matronas en el contexto del parto domiciliario y por \u00faltimo, el trabajo de las matronas en el contexto del parto hospitalario y la vivencia del cambio. Para las entrevistadas la etapa de formaci\u00f3n fue dura pero gratificante. Durante ella recibir\u00edan a trav\u00e9s del discurso m\u00e9dico un mensaje de obediencia concibiendo la figura de la matrona como profesional auxiliar. Elaboraron diferentes estrategias para conciliar su vida familiar y laboral, siendo sus madres u otras mujeres un recurso esencial para ello. El trabajo de las matronas en el \u00e1mbito domiciliario estuvo condicionado por el complicado contexto de la posguerra, no obstante este entorno \u00edntimo facilitar\u00eda una atenci\u00f3n individualizada. La escasez de recursos y la pol\u00edtica sanitaria puesta en marcha llevar\u00eda a las matronas a integrarse en los hospitales en busca de los beneficios que estas instituciones les brindaban a ellas y a las mujeres que atend\u00edan. Sin embargo, el cambio cultural del modelo tradicional del nacimiento ligado al domicilio generar\u00eda un rechazo inicial por parte de las futuras madres que siempre hab\u00edan visto nacer a sus criaturas en el propio hogar. La atenci\u00f3n al parto en los hospitales se alej\u00f3 de la concepci\u00f3n de proceso fisiol\u00f3gico y distintas pr\u00e1cticas comenzaron a perpetuarse rutinariamente en el trabajo de las matronas, sintiendo gradualmente una mayor intervenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y menor autonom\u00eda. Las instituciones fueron un espacio de encuentro y reivindicaci\u00f3n para el propio colectivo de matronas donde se unieron y lucharon para la obtenci\u00f3n de mejoras. conclusiones los roles de g\u00e9nero ser\u00e1n un factor determinante en cuanto a las oportunidades brindadas a hombres y mujeres en el contexto cultural de la \u00e9poca. Las matronas fueron part\u00edcipes y precursoras del cambio social por el que las mujeres se incorporar\u00edan como profesionales al mundo laboral compatibilizando su actividad en el \u00e1mbito p\u00fablico con el rol de madres y esposas asignado tradicionalmente a las mujeres. Tras conocer y estudiar a este grupo de matronas murcianas no podemos m\u00e1s que reconocerlas como mujeres pioneras que trascendieron los l\u00edmites culturales de g\u00e9nero impuestos. Como mujeres profesionales formadas y capacitadas reivindicaron su autonom\u00eda y espacio de trabajo junto a las mujeres y sus familias. t\u00e9rminos tesauro  \tsector de la salud: c\u00f3digo 5312.07  \thistoria de la medicina: c\u00f3digo 5506.17  \tantropolog\u00eda cultural: c\u00f3digo 5101.00  \tantropolog\u00eda m\u00e9dica: c\u00f3digo 2402.07 c\u00f3digos de clasificaci\u00f3n unesco  \t5312.07: sanidad  \t5506.17: historia de la medicina  \t5101.00: antropolog\u00eda cultural  \t2402.07: antropolog\u00eda m\u00e9dica  \t6309.09: posici\u00f3n social de las mujeres   murcian midwives: women and professionals (1940-1977)  abstract objectives general objective to explore and present the personal and professional experiences of a group of midwives who practised in murcia between 1940 and 1977, both comprehensively and from a gender perspective. specific objectives 1.\tDetermining the influence of family on the training of midwives. 2.\tIdentifying the academic training of the midwives; investigating the training requirements and programs, the contents and manuals for their training and their everyday life during this period. 3.\tDefining the strategies developed by midwives to maintain a balance between work and family life. 4.\tUncovering and interpreting the change in the work of midwives as their role has changed from home birthing to a hospital context. methodology an ethnographic method was chosen, making use of a qualitative approach to hermeneutic proposals. Thirteen biographical stories were collected from midwives who trained between 1940 and 1977 and who practised in murcia during this period. Furthermore, six deeper semi-structured interviews were made for data triangulation and information expansion. results after transcription and fragmentation of the interviews by means of thematic analysis of the content, three categories emerged: midwives&apos; training, midwives&apos; work in the context of home birthing and, finally, midwives&apos; work in a hospital birthing context and their experiences of this change. For the women interviewed, the training period was hard but gratifying. During this period, the midwife represented a figure of an auxiliary professional and, accordingly, the medical discourse of the day presented them with a message of obedience. They developed different strategies to find and maintain a balance between their family and work, with their mothers or other women presenting an essential resource in this task. However, the work of midwives in the home context was conditioned by the complex context of the post-war era and this intimate environment made individualised care easier. A shortage of resources and the shift in health policy lead to the integration of midwives into the hospital environment, in pursuit of the benefits offered by these establishments to them and to the women in their care. Nevertheless, the cultural shift from the traditional home birth was at first rejected by a generation of expectant mothers who had always seen their children born in their own house. Maternity care in hospitals is distant from the physiological process of conception and different practices started to perpetuate in a routine way in the midwives&apos; work, with perception of gradually increasing levels of medical intervention and less autonomy. The hospital centres were a meeting and recognition point for the midwives&apos; collective itself, and became the place where they joined together and struggled for improvements. conclusions gender roles were a determining factor regarding the opportunities given to men and women in the cultural context of that period. Midwives played a key role in the social change by which women would were enabled to join the professional world, juggling their work with their activity in the public sphere as mothers and wives, roles traditionally designated to women. After meeting and studying this group of murcian midwives, we can only recognize them as pioneering women who transcended the imposed cultural limitations of gender. As professional, trained, prepared women, they defended their autonomy and work place near women and their families. thesaurus terms  \thealth field: code 5312.07  \thistory of medicine: code 5506.17  \tcultural anthropology: code 5101.00  \tmedical anthropology: code 2402.07 codes in the unesco classification  \t5312.07: health services  \t5506.17: history of medicine  \t5101.00: cultural anthropology  \t2402.07: medical anthropology  \t6309.09: social positions of women<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Matronas murcianas: mujeres y profesionales (1940-1977)<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Matronas murcianas: mujeres y profesionales (1940-1977) <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Natalia Emilia Rodriguez Portilla <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 29\/10\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mar\u00eda De Los \u00e1ngeles Casta\u00f1o Molina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: carmen isabel Gomez garcia <\/li>\n<li>Mar\u00eda teresa Labajos manzanares (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>isabel Mar\u00eda Morales gil (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Manuel Linares abad (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Natalia Emilia Rodriguez Portilla Matronas murcianas: mujeres y profesionales (1940-1977) resumen objetivos objetivo general. conocer y hacer 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