{"id":116601,"date":"2014-06-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-06-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/arte-y-ciencia-consideraciones-arta%c2%adsticas-sobre-los-dibujos-histologicos-de-santiago-ramon-y-cajal\/"},"modified":"2014-06-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-06-11T00:00:00","slug":"arte-y-ciencia-consideraciones-arta%c2%adsticas-sobre-los-dibujos-histologicos-de-santiago-ramon-y-cajal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/histologia-animal\/arte-y-ciencia-consideraciones-arta%c2%adsticas-sobre-los-dibujos-histologicos-de-santiago-ramon-y-cajal\/","title":{"rendered":"Arte y ciencia: consideraciones art\u00edsticas sobre los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos de santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Jose Meseguer Pe\u00f1alver <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>R esumen   \tla presente tesis se propone como objetivo primordial, el estudio de las relaciones entre arte y ciencia, a trav\u00e9s de los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos realizados por santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal, durante sus estudios sobre la estructura del sistema nervioso del hombre y de los vertebrados. Para ello, primeramente se ha procedido a establecer su perfil personal, cient\u00edfico y art\u00edstico.   a continuaci\u00f3n hemos consultado y analizado informaci\u00f3n contenida en las fuentes bibliogr\u00e1ficas, para establecer una base de conocimiento sobre las relaciones hist\u00f3ricas entre el arte y la ciencia, a trav\u00e9s del dibujo y de la imagen, como medios de ilustraci\u00f3n, que han sido empleados por la ciencia a lo largo de la historia.  Adem\u00e1s, se pone en consideraci\u00f3n la evoluci\u00f3n de las t\u00e9cnicas para crear las im\u00e1genes objeto de la ilustraci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, los procedimientos de observaci\u00f3n de la realidad, para la elaboraci\u00f3n de dichas im\u00e1genes, as\u00ed como la evoluci\u00f3n acontecida en el proceso creativo de las mismas.   apoy\u00e1ndonos en todo ello como base de conocimiento, hemos procedido a abordar el estudio de los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos sobre el sistema nervioso, realizados por cajal, con una perspectiva exclusivamente art\u00edstica. Para llevar a cabo dicho estudio, hemos recurrido tanto a fuentes indirectas, presentes en la literatura, como a visionar los propios dibujos, que se encuentran en el museo cajal, del instituto cajal, del consejo superior de investigaciones cient\u00edficas de Madrid, como fuente directa de informaci\u00f3n.   a continuaci\u00f3n, tomando como base nuestra propia experiencia en el laboratorio de histolog\u00eda, y utilizando la informaci\u00f3n t\u00e9cnica impresa, se presenta un conjunto de consideraciones b\u00e1sicas sobre las t\u00e9cnicas de laboratorio realizadas por cajal y otros cient\u00edficos coet\u00e1neos, responsables de la creaci\u00f3n del material microsc\u00f3pico, a partir del cual se realizaron los dibujos objeto de nuestro trabajo. Determinados aspectos de estas t\u00e9cnicas y su relaci\u00f3n con las t\u00e9cnicas fotogr\u00e1ficas anal\u00f3gicas, nos han permitido establecer consideraciones relativas a las formas, colores o naturaleza de los soportes utilizados para la realizaci\u00f3n de los dibujos de cajal.   en el apartado de resultados se muestra una selecci\u00f3n de dibujos realizados por santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal. La selecci\u00f3n se ha hecho tomando en consideraci\u00f3n los diferentes temas cient\u00edficos a partir de los que fueron realizados los dibujos.  El estudio cuidadoso y pormenorizado de estos, nos ha permitido llevar a cabo un conjunto de comentarios relativos a sus caracter\u00edsticas formales (composici\u00f3n, luz, color, tem\u00e1tica, etc.), As\u00ed como sobre al procedimiento art\u00edstico creativo y al lenguaje iconogr\u00e1fico de los mismos.   de todo ello se concluye que a las reconocidas cualidades cient\u00edficas de cajal, se han de sumar unas sorprendentes cualidades para la creaci\u00f3n pl\u00e1stica, que desarroll\u00f3 dentro del rigor de los criterios de objetividad impuestos por la ciencia, en el campo de la observaci\u00f3n microsc\u00f3pica. Estos dibujos constituyen verdaderos documentos de gran atractivo pict\u00f3rico, provistos de una extraordinaria sensibilidad  y sentido est\u00e9tico. Cajal realiz\u00f3 estos exquisitos dibujos siguiendo la siguiente secuencia: visualizaci\u00f3n, observaci\u00f3n, an\u00e1lisis, s\u00edntesis y representaci\u00f3n. Se trata de ilustraciones naturalistas de car\u00e1cter rom\u00e1ntico, provistas de sencillez, delicadeza, espontaneidad, precisi\u00f3n y soltura, que sirvieron de base de partida para la neurociencia moderna.   sin duda, estos dibujos son parte esencial de la obra art\u00edstica de santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal, la cual se ve proyectada constantemente hacia el futuro sin perder el nexo con el presente y el pasado pr\u00f3ximo. Finalmente, con intenci\u00f3n de hacer patente esta proyecci\u00f3n y este nexo, como parte y complemento de la presente tesis doctoral, se presenta una instalaci\u00f3n de material, que con el t\u00edtulo &quot;im\u00e1genes desde la ciencia&quot; pretende ser una muestra representativa de nuestro recorrido creativo en los campos de la investigaci\u00f3n, la docencia y el arte, como parte de la relaci\u00f3n arte y ciencia, que es el objetivo de esta tesis doctoral. En ella ofrecemos un conjunto de materiales desarrollados en la universidad de murcia como resultado de nuestro trabajo de ilustraci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, al que sumamos material de apoyo docente e investigador y obra pict\u00f3rica personal.    en definitiva, esperamos haber sido capaces de informar adecuadamente sobre la importancia y enorme calidad art\u00edstica que poseen los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos de santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal. Estos son, exponente y parte esencial de su capacidad de observaci\u00f3n, de estudio, de interpretaci\u00f3n y de expresi\u00f3n. Estas cualidades, le sirvieron como medio para el desarrollo de una obra de gran riqueza, tanto para el arte como para la ciencia. La perfecta conjunci\u00f3n y armon\u00eda entre arte y ciencia en su obra, como medios para proyectar su af\u00e1n de conocimiento, le impulsaron a conseguir un lugar de honor entre las figuras m\u00e1s brillantes de nuestra historia y de la historia del mundo.    ummary  this thesis aims to achieve, as a main objective, the study of the relationships between art and science, through the histological drawings by santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal, carried out during his studies on the structure of the neuron and nervous tissue of man and the vertebrates. To do this, first of all has been to establish personal, scientific and artistic profile of cajal.   we then consulted and analyzed information on bibliographic sources to establish a base of knowledge about the historical relations between art and science, through drawings and images, as a means of illustration, which has been used by science throughout history.  It is in consideration, the evolution of the techniques to create images object of scientific illustration, procedures for observation of reality, for the elaboration of such images, as well as their evolution in the creative process.   all this, as a basis of our knowledge, has allowed us to address the study of histological cajal drawings, with an exclusively artistic perspective. To carry out the study, we have used the literature as an indirect source, and viewing these drawings, which are found in the cajal museum, in the instituto cajal, of the consejo superior de investigaciones cient\u00edficas in Madrid, as a direct source of information.   then, on the basis of our own experience at the laboratory of histology, and using the technical information from the literature, we present some considerations about the basic laboratory techniques performed by cajal and other scientists peer, responsible for the creation of microscopic materials from which were made the drawings that are the subject of our work. Certain aspects of these techniques and their relationship to the classical photographic methods, have enabled us to establish considerations regarding forms, colours, or features of the supports used for the realization of the histological cajal drawings.   the results section shows a selection of drawings by santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal. The selection has been done at the light of the different scientific topics from which these drawings were made.  The careful and detailed study of the drawings of cajal has allowed us to carry out a set of commentaries to their formal characteristics (composition, light, colour, topic, etc.), As well as the creative artistic procedure and iconographic language of these drawings.   from all this we concluded that the recognised scientific qualities of cajal, they have add some surprising qualities to plastic creation, developed within the rigour of the objectivity criteria imposed by science in the field of microscopic observation. These drawings are true pictorial appeal documents, provided with an extraordinary sensitivity and aesthetic sense. These exquisite drawings were made by cajal trough the following sequence: visualization, observation, analysis, synthesis, and representation. They are naturalist illustrations of romantic character, provided of simplicity, sensitivity, spontaneity, precision and ease, which served as the starting point for modern neuroscience.   these drawings are an essential part of the artistic work of santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal, which is projected towards the future without losing the link with the present and near past. Finally, with the aim of follow this projection and this link, as a part and complement of this doctoral thesis, we presents an installation of material, titled &quot;images from the science&quot;, which is intended to be a representative sample of our creative work in the fields of the research, the teaching and the art, inside the relation science and art, which is the subject of this thesis.  In this installation we offer a set of materials developed at the university of murcia as a result of our work of scientific illustration, to which we add teaching support material and pictorial personal work.    to conclude, we hope to have been able to adequately inform about the importance and artistic quality of the histological drawings by santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal. These are, without doubt, exponent and an essential part of its observation, study, interpretation and expression abilities. These qualities, served him as a means for the development of a work of great wealth, both art and science. The perfect combination and harmony between art and science in his work, as a means to project their knowledge desire, pushed cajal to get a place among the most brilliant figures of our history and the history of the world.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Arte y ciencia: consideraciones art\u00edsticas sobre los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos de santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Arte y ciencia: consideraciones art\u00edsticas sobre los dibujos histol\u00f3gicos de santiago ram\u00f3n y cajal <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Jose Meseguer Pe\u00f1alver <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 06\/11\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Jos\u00e9 Mayor Iborra<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Juan Romera agull\u00f3 <\/li>\n<li>vicente Bar\u00f3n linares (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>el\u00edas Miguel P\u00e9rez Garc\u00eda (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Jos\u00e9 Francisco Pertusa grau (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Jose Meseguer Pe\u00f1alver R esumen la presente tesis se propone como objetivo primordial, el estudio de las 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