{"id":116786,"date":"2014-09-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-09-12T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/el-paisaje-de-huerta-en-el-sharq-al-andalus-el-palmeral-de-elche\/"},"modified":"2014-09-12T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-09-12T00:00:00","slug":"el-paisaje-de-huerta-en-el-sharq-al-andalus-el-palmeral-de-elche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/historia-medieval\/el-paisaje-de-huerta-en-el-sharq-al-andalus-el-palmeral-de-elche\/","title":{"rendered":"El paisaje de huerta en el sharq al-andalus: el palmeral de elche."},"content":{"rendered":"

Tesis doctoral de Dominique Fran\u00c1\u00a7oise Avi\u00f1o Mcchesney <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Resumen el trabajo que constituye la presente tesis doctoral plantea la hip\u00f3tesis del origen andalus\u00ed del palmeral hist\u00f3rico de elche, una huerta hist\u00f3rica incluida dentro de la lista de bienes patrimonio de la humanidad de la unesco en 2000. Nos propon\u00edamos, dentro de este mismo objetivo, concretar al m\u00e1ximo una propuesta de evoluci\u00f3n cronol\u00f3gica, tanto de la red hidr\u00e1ulica que alimenta la huerta, como de este espacio en s\u00ed. hemos seguido en todos los cap\u00edtulos el mismo proceso de trabajo, que implicaba la elecci\u00f3n de las fuentes relevantes en cada caso, la extracci\u00f3n de los datos fr\u00edos y matices de cada una de ellas, y el tratamiento simult\u00e1neo de todas las fuentes disponibles para cada aspecto concreto (historiogr\u00e1ficas, documentales, arquel\u00f3gicas y complementarias). En ocasiones ha sido necesario el an\u00e1lisis comparativo, as\u00ed como la elaboraci\u00f3n de informaci\u00f3n gr\u00e1fica. En el an\u00e1lisis espec\u00edfico de los elementos de la huerta, hemos tenido que recurrir en muchas ocasiones al an\u00e1lisis comparativo, tanto en el estudio de la hidr\u00e1ulica y el sistema de riego, la organizaci\u00f3n y fisonom\u00eda de la huerta urbana y el cultivo espec\u00edfico de la palmera datilera. De entre las fuentes hist\u00f3ricas nos gustar\u00eda destacar la informaci\u00f3n procedente de los tratados de agronom\u00eda latinos y \u00e1rabes, que analizamos de forma comparativa en aspectos como el riego, las t\u00e9cnicas y las especies de cultivo. Toda la informaci\u00f3n que hemos podido obtener de las fuentes escritas ha sido tratada de forma conjunta con la informaci\u00f3n procedente de las fuentes materiales. nuestro estudio ha abarcado numerosos aspectos, tales como los condicionantes geogr\u00e1ficos e hist\u00f3ricos, la ocupaci\u00f3n del territorio, la estructura social, las caracter\u00edsticas econ\u00f3micas y los factores institucionales. En el cap\u00edtulo 9, n\u00facleo central de esta tesis, hemos realizado un estudio de los elementos concretos que integran este paisaje, con el objetivo de encontrar el dise\u00f1o original del sistema hidr\u00e1ulico. En este sentido, hemos estudiado las medidas de las estructuras hidr\u00e1ulicas, junto con la toponimia, y ambos aspectos nos revelan un indiscutible origen andalus\u00ed de esta huerta: el primero por la presencia del codo isl\u00e1mico en todo el proceso de puesta en regad\u00edo de las tierras; el segundo porque pr\u00e1cticamente todos los nombres de acequias y partidores son netamente \u00e1rabes. A esto hay que a\u00f1adimos la estrecha relaci\u00f3n entre los diferentes asentamientos de \u00e9poca andalus y el sistema de regad\u00edo. como conclusi\u00f3n principal, podr\u00edamos decir que el palmeral de elche es la evidencia de un paisaje humano cuyo origen hay que buscarlo en una nueva articulaci\u00f3n del territorio que tiene lugar entre los siglos viii y x. En esta reestructuraci\u00f3n, todos los elementos parecen girar en torno a una necesidad: la disponibilidad de agua para el riego. Es esta la que determina d\u00f3nde se ubican los h\u00e1bitats, d\u00f3nde las tierras de cultivo e incluso d\u00f3nde se situar\u00edan los lugares estrat\u00e9gicos de control de estos recursos hidr\u00e1ulicos. El palmeral es una huerta cuya zona m\u00e1s productiva constituir\u00eda el alfoz de una madina de tama\u00f1o medio que alcanz\u00f3, durante la \u00e9poca almohade, su m\u00e1ximo esplendor. Sin embargo, la huerta ilicitana no empieza y termina en esta zona privilegiada inmediata a la ciudad: ocupa el norte, el este y el sur del t\u00e9rmino, el llamado camp d'elx, una zona que, si desde que tenemos conocimiento se considera perif\u00e9rica, debi\u00f3 constituir sin embargo el origen del sistema hidr\u00e1ulico, forzosamente anterior a la segunda mitad del siglo x, cuando la ciudad todav\u00eda no ten\u00eda esta consideraci\u00f3n, y el h\u00e1bitat principal lo constitu\u00edan las alquer\u00edas rurales. abstract this doctoral thesis proposes the theory that the palmeral of elche – a historic huerta declared world heritage by the unesco in the year 2000 – has an andalusian origin. To this end, the chronological evolution of this landscape – including that of its hydraulic network – has been determined as specifically as possible. the same working methodology has been applied in all chapters. It has involved the choice of relevant sources in each case, the extraction of cold data and nuances, and the simultaneous treatment of all sources available – historiographical, documentary, archaeological, and complementary sources – for each specific aspect. Sometimes a comparative analysis has been necessary, particularly with regard to the specific constituent elements of the huerta, such as hydraulics and the irrigation system, the structure and appearance of the urban orchards, and the specific cultivation of the palm tree. The production of graphic material has also been very useful. Among the documentary sources, the significance of both latin and arabic agronomy treaties from which outstanding information about irrigation, techniques and crop species has been drawn must be stressed. Written sources have been analysed in connection with relevant archaeological findings. many aspects, such as geographic constraints, historical background, settlement processes in the territory, social structure, economic characteristics and institutional factors have been addressed. Chapter 9, which constitutes the core of this work, focusses on the specific elements that form this particular landscape, with the aim of identifying the original design of the whole system. Accordingly, the measures of hydraulic structures – and more specifically those of the acequia mayor (major canal) dividers together with their names and some significant toponyms throughout the camp d'elx – have been examined, and both aspects reveal the andalusian origin of the huerta. The islamic cubit is present throughout all the irrigation system and the importance of purely arabic place names closely related to irrigation structures – canals, ditches, dividers and farmsteads – is evident. Furthermore, a strong relationship has been found between the various andalusian settlements and the irrigation system. to sum up, the palmeral of elche is evidence of a human landscape whose origin is found in the new organization of the territory that took place between the 8th and the 10th centuries. All the elements in this restructuring process seem to revolve around one need: the availability of water for irrigation. The need for water would bring about not only the location of the habitat but also that of the cultivation lands and the places from where hydraulic resources would have to be controlled. The palmeral of elche is a huerta whose most productive area would have constituted an alfoz of a medium-sized madina that reached its peak under the almohad rule. Nevertheless, the huerta of elche neither begins nor ends in this privileged area close to the city. It also covers the northern, eastern and southern parts of the municipality, which are known as the camp d'elx. This extensive area, although traditionally considered as peripheral, must have been at the origin of the whole system, necessarily before the second half of the 10th century, at a time when the main habitat was that of the farmsteads because the city did not yet exist.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00abEl paisaje de huerta en el sharq al-andalus: el palmeral de elche.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 El paisaje de huerta en el sharq al-andalus: el palmeral de elche. <\/li>\n
  • Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Dominique Fran\u00c1\u00a7oise Avi\u00f1o Mcchesney <\/li>\n
  • Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n
  • Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 09\/12\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n
        \n
      • Juan Francisco Jimenez Alcazar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Tribunal<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Presidente del tribunal: angel Luis Molina molina <\/li>\n
        • Juan Antonio Barrio barrio (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • dulce Mar\u00eda Arcas campoy (vocal)<\/li>\n
        • Jos\u00e9 v. Cabezuelo pliego (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Tesis doctoral de Dominique Fran\u00c1\u00a7oise Avi\u00f1o Mcchesney Resumen el trabajo que constituye la presente tesis doctoral plantea la hip\u00f3tesis del […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1623,119,8235],"tags":[149607,230415,208291,202894,230416,188046],"class_list":["post-116786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arqueologia","category-historia-medieval","category-murcia","tag-angel-luis-molina-molina","tag-dominique-franaoise-avino-mcchesney","tag-dulce-maria-arcas-campoy","tag-jose-v-cabezuelo-pliego","tag-juan-antonio-barrio-barrio","tag-juan-francisco-jimenez-alcazar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116786\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}