{"id":116955,"date":"2018-03-11T10:46:17","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:46:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/dinamica-espacio-temporal-del-ictioplancton-del-mar-menor-se-espana-y-factores-ambientales-asociados\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:46:17","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:46:17","slug":"dinamica-espacio-temporal-del-ictioplancton-del-mar-menor-se-espana-y-factores-ambientales-asociados","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/murcia\/dinamica-espacio-temporal-del-ictioplancton-del-mar-menor-se-espana-y-factores-ambientales-asociados\/","title":{"rendered":"Din\u00e1mica espacio-temporal del ictioplancton del mar menor (se espa\u00f1a) y factores ambientales asociados"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Jhoni Ismael Quispe Becerra <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Objetivos: los objetivos de la presente tesis doctoral son describir la composici\u00f3n taxon\u00f3mica de las larvas de peces que habitan las aguas del mar menor, conocer la distribuci\u00f3n espacial y la din\u00e1mica temporal del ictioplancton en la laguna, analizar los factores ambientales que determinan dicha distribuci\u00f3n y din\u00e1mica y, finalmente, valorar el papel de la colonizaci\u00f3n larvaria a trav\u00e9s de los canales de comunicaci\u00f3n con el mar abierto y las corrientes en la estructura del poblamiento ictiol\u00f3gico.  metodolog\u00eda: el trabajo se ha llevado a cabo en el mar menor, laguna costera ubicada en el se de la pen\u00ednsula ib\u00e9rica, en el extremo oriental de la regi\u00f3n de murcia.  se establecieron en la misma 20 localidades de muestreo donde se recogi\u00f3 material en 1997 y desde 2006 a 2012. Adicionalmente, durante 2009 y 2012 se sumaron 8 estaciones para estudiar la influencia del mediterr\u00e1neo adyacente, ubic\u00e1ndolas en la bocana interior de los tres canales de comunicaci\u00f3n con el mar abierto y en el propio mediterr\u00e1neo. El dise\u00f1o experimental de muestreo permite el an\u00e1lisis de las escalas espacio-temporales de variabilidad del poblamiento y de las condiciones ambientales. el material trabajado en la presente memoria proviene de un total de 3.342 muestras tomadas con arrastres sub-superficiales (0,5-2 m de profundidad), diurnos, circulares y con una duraci\u00f3n de 7 minutos, utilizando una red de plancton est\u00e1ndar, de forma c\u00f3nica, equipada con un fluj\u00f3metro. Todos los huevos y larvas de peces fueron separados y contados, y \u00e9stas \u00faltimas fueron identificadas hasta especie. El an\u00e1lisis de las escalas de variabilidad se ha realizado mediante permanova y para el estudio de la estructura del poblamiento y las variables ambientales que lo explican se han utilizado regresiones m\u00faltiples y an\u00e1lisis multivariantes de ordenaci\u00f3n.  resultados: se colectaron un total de 55.262 huevos y se han examinado 185.135 espec\u00edmenes de larvas y postlarvas de peces, pertenecientes a 24 familias, 48 g\u00e9neros y 69 especies. De \u00e9stas, 15 especies son exclusivas de la laguna. En el mediterr\u00e1neo la riqueza de especies llega a 100, existiendo 46 que no penetran en la laguna como larvas. Las familias m\u00e1s abundantes han sido gobiidae (64,49%), engraulidae (16,76%), blenniidae (16,54%) y atherinidae (1,11%). A su vez, las especies dominantes fueron gobius niger (34,65%), engraulis encrasicolus (16,76%), gobius paganellus (15,26%), pomatoschistus marmoratus (8,72%), parablennius pilicornis (7,83%), salaria pavo (6,55%), aphia minuta (2,96%), gobius cruentatus (1,63%), parablennius gattorugine (1,48%) y gobius cobitis (1,08%). de las especies estudiadas, 23 (23,7%) son residentes en el mar menor o t\u00edpicamente lagunares, 27 (27,8%) son migradoras o pobladores c\u00edclicos regulares, 12 (12,4%) son pobladores ocasionales o irregulares y 28 (28,9%) son visitantes extraviados o espor\u00e1dicos.  la densidad media anual total de larvas de peces en la laguna fue de 613,27 (\u00c2\u00b1 37,02) individuos por 1000 m3, muy superior a la encontrada en el mediterr\u00e1neo adyacente, de 126,05 (\u00c2\u00b1 13,51) individuos por 1000 m3.   conclusiones: el poblamiento ictioplanct\u00f3nico lagunar muestra gran variabilidad espacio-temporal. Un 41,3% del poblamiento lagunar var\u00eda de un a\u00f1o a otro. No obstante, su din\u00e1mica presenta un ciclo estacional claro, con dos picos de abundancia, en primavera y en oto\u00f1o. La mayor\u00eda de las especies de inter\u00e9s pesquero de las familias mugilidae, sparidae o clupeidae en el ictioplancton lagunar solo aparecen testimonialmente, con abundancias relativas medias inferiores al 0,03%, indicando que su penetraci\u00f3n en la laguna ocurre principalmente en fases juveniles la distribuci\u00f3n espacial est\u00e1 relacionada principalmente con los patrones de circulaci\u00f3n de la laguna y con la colonizaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de los canales de comunicaci\u00f3n con el mar abierto a la que se superponen las condiciones tr\u00f3ficas asociadas a la entrada de nutrientes por la rambla del albuj\u00f3n. existe un importante componente aleatorio en la din\u00e1mica del poblamiento que probablemente forma parte de los mecanismos homeost\u00e1ticos del ecosistema lagunar. la elevada riqueza y diversidad de especies acumuladas y la gran proporci\u00f3n de especies ocasionales y extraviadas sugieren un papel muy importante de los mecanismos de loter\u00eda competitiva.    abstract  objectives: the objectives of this thesis are to describe the taxonomic composition of larval fish that inhabit the waters of the mar menor, knowing the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of ichthyoplankton in the lagoon, analyze the environmental factors that determine this distribution and dynamics and finally assess the role of larval colonization through the channels of communication with the open sea and the currents in the structure of ichthyological settlement.  methodology: the study has been conducted in the mar menor coastal lagoon located in the se of the iberian peninsula at the eastern end of the region of murcia. material was collected in 20 sampling sites in 1997 and from 2006 to 2012. Additionally, during 2009 and 2012, 8 stations, located in the inner mouth of the three channels of communication with the open sea and in the mediterranean, were added to study the influence of the adjacent open sea. The experimental sampling design allows the analysis of the spatio-temporal scales of variability of the assemblage and environmental conditions. a total of 3,342 samples were analyzed. They were collected using diurnal, circular subsurface tows (0.5-2 m deep), with a duration of 7 minutes, using a standard plankton net, equipped with a flowmeter. All eggs and fish larvae were removed and counted, and the latter were identified to species. The analysis of the scales of variability was performed using permanova. The study of the structure of the assemblage and the environmental variables that explain it has been made by using multiple regression and multivariate ordination analysis.  results: a total of 55,262 eggs were collected and 185 135 specimens of fish larvae and post-larvae, belonging to 24 families, 48 genera and 69 species, were examined. Of these, 15 species are unique to the lagoon. In the mediterranean species richness reaches 100, 46 of them do not penetrate the lagoon as larvae. The most abundant families were gobiidae (64.49%), engraulidae (16.76%), blenniidae (16.54%) and atherinidae (1.11%). In turn, the dominant species were gobius niger (34,65%), engraulis encrasicolus (16,76%), gobius paganellus (15,26%), pomatoschistus marmoratus (8,72%), parablennius pilicornis (7,83%), salaria pavo (6,55%), aphia minuta (2,96%), gobius cruentatus (1,63%), parablennius gattorugine (1,48%) and gobius cobitis (1,08%). 23 (23.7%) of the studied species are resident in the mar menor lagoon, 27 (27.8%) are migratory or regular cyclical residents, 12 (12.4%) are occasional or irregular residents and 28 (28.9%) are marine stragglers or casual visitors. the total annual average density of fish larvae in the lagoon was 613.27 (\u00c2\u00b1 37.02) individuals per 1000 m3, much higher than that found in the adjacent mediterranean that reach 126.05 (\u00c2\u00b1 13.51) individuals\/1000 m3.  conclusions: the lagoon ichthyoplankton shows large spatial and temporal variability. 41.3% of the lagoon assemblage varies from year to year. However, their dynamics presents a clear seasonal cycle, with two abundance peaks in spring and autumn. Most species of commercial interest of the families mugilidae, sparidae or clupeidae are present in the lagoon ichthyoplankton just in testimony with relative abundances lower to 0.03%, indicating that penetration into the lagoon occurs mainly as juveniles. the spatial distribution is mainly related to the circulation patterns of the lagoon and to the colonization through the channels of communication with the open sea. Overlapping to this act the trophic conditions associated with nutrient inputs from the albuj\u00f3n watercourse. there is a substantial random component in the assemblage dynamics which is probably part of the homeostatic mechanisms of the lagoon ecosystem. the high richness and diversity of species and accumulated large proportion of occasional and straggler species suggest an important role of the mechanisms of competitive lottery.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Din\u00e1mica espacio-temporal del ictioplancton del mar menor (se espa\u00f1a) y factores ambientales asociados<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Din\u00e1mica espacio-temporal del ictioplancton del mar menor (se espa\u00f1a) y factores ambientales asociados <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Jhoni Ismael Quispe Becerra <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 19\/12\/2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Concepcion Marcos Diego<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: ana Sabat\u00e9s freijo <\/li>\n<li>Juan  eduardo Guilen nieto (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Elena Barcala bellod (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Javier Gilabert cervera (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Jhoni Ismael Quispe Becerra Objetivos: los objetivos de la presente tesis doctoral son describir la composici\u00f3n taxon\u00f3mica [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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