{"id":117440,"date":"2015-04-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-04-05T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/aplicacion-de-rizobacterias-promotoras-del-crecimiento-vegetal-rpcv-en-la-reforestacion-de-zonas-semiaridas\/"},"modified":"2015-04-05T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2015-04-05T00:00:00","slug":"aplicacion-de-rizobacterias-promotoras-del-crecimiento-vegetal-rpcv-en-la-reforestacion-de-zonas-semiaridas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/simbiosis\/aplicacion-de-rizobacterias-promotoras-del-crecimiento-vegetal-rpcv-en-la-reforestacion-de-zonas-semiaridas\/","title":{"rendered":"Aplicaci\u00f3n de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (rpcv) en la reforestaci\u00f3n de zonas semi\u00e1ridas"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Carmen Mar\u00eda Mengual Navarro-soto <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen en las zonas semi\u00e1ridas mediterr\u00e1neas del sureste de espa\u00f1a, las escasas e irregulares precipitaciones, y un largo y seco periodo de verano han contribuido dr\u00e1sticamente  a la aceleraci\u00f3n de los procesos de degradaci\u00f3n del suelo. Los cambios ambientales como consecuencia de la p\u00e9rdida de las comunidades naturales de plantas, vienen a menudo acompa\u00f1ados o precedidos por la degeneraci\u00f3n de las propiedades f\u00edsicas y qu\u00edmicas del suelo, adem\u00e1s de por una p\u00e9rdida o reducci\u00f3n de la actividad microbiana. Actualmente se acepta que la diversidad y actividad de la microbiota del suelo es la base de uno de los mecanismos que m\u00e1s contribuyen a la conservaci\u00f3n del suelo, al desarrollo y mantenimiento de la cubierta vegetal y por ende, a la estabilidad y funcionamiento del ecosistema. as\u00ed pues, el objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar, en \u00e1reas degradas, la eficacia de diversas cepas de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (rpcv) junto a la aplicaci\u00f3n de enmiendas org\u00e1nicas sobre el desarrollo de la cubierta vegetal y la calidad de las propiedades del suelo, as\u00ed como verificar la efectividad como rpcv de varias cepas de actinobacterias, previamente aisladas de diferentes suelos de la regi\u00f3n  de murcia. Con este fin, se llevaron a cabo cinco ensayos diferentes: tres de ellos en condiciones de campo, utilizando diferentes enmiendas org\u00e1nicas y rpcv, un cuarto ensayo consistente en el aislamiento de cepas de actinobacterias de la rizosfera de un arbusto aut\u00f3ctono presente en dos localidades diferentes de la regi\u00f3n de murcia, rhamnus lycioides l. Y un quinto y \u00faltimo ensayo focalizado en la verificaci\u00f3n como rpcv de las cepas de actinobacterias previamente aisladas as\u00ed como el estudio de la incidencia relativa del de origen de las cepas y el suelo sujeto a plantaci\u00f3n en la efectividad de las mismas.  en todos los experimentos desarrollados en condiciones de campo, se evaluaron tanto el crecimiento y la absorci\u00f3n de nutrientes por parte de la planta, as\u00ed como las respuestas al estr\u00e9s originado por la escasez de agua. Del mismo modo, se determinaron las propiedades f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmicas, qu\u00edmicas y biol\u00f3gicas del suelo. Con respecto al ensayo de aislamiento de actinobacterias de suelo rizosf\u00e9rico, se llevaron a cabo diversas t\u00e9cnicas que permitieron aislar y purificar diferentes cepas, as\u00ed como caracterizarlas e identificarlas.  como resultados principales del trabajo, se puede destacar que en los tres primeros ensayos, las rizobacterias empleadas promovieron, satisfactoriamente, el crecimiento de las plantas as\u00ed como la absorci\u00f3n de nutrientes y su tolerancia al estr\u00e9s. En el primer experimento, en el que se ensay\u00f3 sobre cistus albidus l. Una mezcla de dos rizobacterias inmovilizadas en arcilla (azospirillum brasilense y pantoea dispersa) como inoculante microbiano y residuo de oliva como enmienda, se observ\u00f3 un efecto aditivo en el tratamiento combinado, consistente en la inoculaci\u00f3n microbiana y la adici\u00f3n del residuo org\u00e1nico al mismo tiempo, que permiti\u00f3 acrecentar las propiedades bioqu\u00edmicas y microbiol\u00f3gicas del suelo. En el segundo ensayo en campo, en el que se probaron las mismas rizobacterias y la misma enmienda sobre pinus halepensis mill., Se determin\u00f3 que la eficacia de la inoculaci\u00f3n microbiana fue el tratamiento m\u00e1s efectivo sobre el desarrollo de la planta y sobre las propiedades del suelo. El tercer ensayo se desarroll\u00f3 para verificar la eficacia de diferentes cepas libres de rpcv (bacillus megaterium, enterobacter sp., Bacillus thuringiensis y bacillus sp.) Y la adici\u00f3n de residuo de remolacha azucarera compostado como enmienda org\u00e1nica sobre lavandula dentata l. En este caso, la selecci\u00f3n de las rizobacterias efectivas y la combinaci\u00f3n de su inoculaci\u00f3n junto con la aplicaci\u00f3n de la enmienda org\u00e1nica se consider\u00f3 el punto crucial del que depender\u00eda la eficacia de esta t\u00e9cnica de revegetaci\u00f3n.  con respecto al cuarto ensayo, desarrollado en condiciones de laboratorio, la metodolog\u00edas utilizadas para el aislamiento caracterizaci\u00f3n e identificaci\u00f3n de diferentes especies de actinobacterias se consideraron las adecuadas, obteni\u00e9ndose cuatro cepas pertenecientes al g\u00e9nero streptomyces que reun\u00edan las condiciones necesarias para ser consideradas potenciales rpcv.  en el quinto y \u00faltimo ensayo, en condiciones de campo, se determin\u00f3 que las bacterias previamente aisladas preservaban las habilidades descritas en condiciones de laboratorio, verific\u00e1ndose su rol como rpcv. Sin embargo, deber\u00edan  considerarse tanto el origen de la cepa como la fertilidad biol\u00f3gica del suelo sujeto a plantaci\u00f3n como factores fundamentales para la selecci\u00f3n de cepas de actinobacterias destinadas a uso en revegetaci\u00f3n en ambientes semi\u00e1ridos.   summary in mediterranean semiarid zones of southeast spain, limited and irregular rainfalls and a long and dry summer periods have contributed drastically to the acceleration of soil degradation processes. Environmental changes as a consequence of loss of natural plant cover are often accompanied by the physical and chemical soil properties degeneration, and by a loss or reduction of microbial activity. It is a corroborated fact that the proper functioning and stability of terrestrial ecosystems depends, to a large extent, of the diversity and composition of their vegetal cover. However, the ecological mechanisms that adjust and maintain the peculiar diversity of plant species in an ecosystem throughout the time are only known in a fragmentary way. Nowadays, it is permissible to think that the soil microbiota diversity and activity constitute the basis of one of the mechanisms that influences on soil preservation, on the development and maintenance of the vegetal cover and, consequently, on the ecosystem stability and functioning. the main objective in this thesis was to evaluate, in degraded areas, the effectiveness of diverse plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) strains and the addition of an organic waste on plant performance and on the soil quality properties, as well as to verify the efficacy of some actinobacteria strains as pgpr, previously isolated from different soils of murcia. So, five different assays were developed: three field experiments involved the use of different organic amendments and pgpr strains; a fourth assay based on the isolation of different actinobacterial strains from the rhizosphere of an autochthonous shrub, that occurs naturally in two distinct sites of murcia, rhamnus lycioides l. And a fifth and last experiment focused on the verification as pgpr of the previously isolated actinobacteria strains as well as the study of the relative incidence of both the strain origin and the characteristics of soil subjected to plantation.  in the entire field assays it was evaluated the plants growth, nutrients uptake and the biochemical and\/or physiological responses of the plants. The physical, physico-chemical and biological soil properties were also determined. With regard to the experiment focused to the actinobacteria isolation from rhizosphere soil, diverse techniques were carried out allowing isolating and purifying different strains as well as to characterise and identify them.  the main results obtained in this thesis can be summarised as follows: in the assays developed under field conditions, the assayed pgpr satisfactory promoted the plant growth, the nutrients uptake and the tolerance to water stress. In the first assay, it was tested the addition of a mixture of two immobilised pgpr in clay pellets (azospirillum brasilense and pantoea dispersa) as microbial inoculant and olive mill residue as organic amendment on the target plant cistus albidus l., It was observed an additive effect in the combined treatment consisting of the microbial inoculation and the organic amendment applied jointly, allowing to enhance biochemical and microbiological soil properties. In the second field experiment, developed by using the same pgpr and organic residue than in the previous assay, it was determined that the most effective treatment to improve pinus halepensis mill. Plant performance and soil conditions was the microbial inoculation. The third experiment was developed to verify the effectiveness of diverse pgpr free strains (bacillus megaterium, enterobacter sp., Bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus sp.) And the application of sugar beet residue as organic amendment lavandula dentata l. Performance as target plant. The selection of the most ef?Cient rhizobacteria strains and their combined effect with organic residue seems to be a critical point that drives the effectiveness of using these biotechnological tools in revegetation tasks.  regarding the fourth experiment, developed under laboratory conditions, the methodologies used to the actinobacteria isolation, characterisation and identification were successful. Four strains belonging to genus streptomyces were obtained and they met the required abilities to consider them pgpr. the actinobacteria strains were tested in a fifth assay developed under field conditions being observed that the pgpr capacities were preserved. However, the strain origin and the biological fertility of plantation soil must be considered to an adequate actinobacteria strain selection to be used in restoration programs under semiarid conditions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Aplicaci\u00f3n de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (rpcv) en la reforestaci\u00f3n de zonas semi\u00e1ridas<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Aplicaci\u00f3n de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (rpcv) en la reforestaci\u00f3n de zonas semi\u00e1ridas <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Carmen Mar\u00eda Mengual Navarro-soto <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 04\/05\/2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mauricio Ivan Schoebitz Cid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Jos\u00e9 Miguel Barea navarro <\/li>\n<li>gisela Diaz espejo (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>rosario Azcon gonzalez (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>arturo Torrecillas melendreras (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Carmen Mar\u00eda Mengual Navarro-soto Resumen en las zonas semi\u00e1ridas mediterr\u00e1neas del sureste de espa\u00f1a, las escasas e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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