{"id":117529,"date":"2018-03-11T10:47:08","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/el-humedal-sur-del-lago-patzcuaro-mexico-balance-ha%c2%addrico-hidroqua%c2%admica-y-funcionalidad\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:47:08","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:08","slug":"el-humedal-sur-del-lago-patzcuaro-mexico-balance-ha%c2%addrico-hidroqua%c2%admica-y-funcionalidad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/limnologia\/el-humedal-sur-del-lago-patzcuaro-mexico-balance-ha%c2%addrico-hidroqua%c2%admica-y-funcionalidad\/","title":{"rendered":"El humedal sur del lago p\u00e1tzcuaro (m\u00e9xico): balance h\u00eddrico, hidroqu\u00edmica y funcionalidad."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Martha Beatriz Rendon Lopez <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen  el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral tiene como objetivos generales: a) determinar el balance h\u00eddrico del humedal identificando los elementos hidrol\u00f3gicos que intervienen y su respuesta ante las variaciones temporales. b) caracterizar la hidroqu\u00edmica de las aguas superficiales del humedal y analizar su variaci\u00f3n espacial en base a los principales impactos que sufre. c) explorar la capacidad de retenci\u00f3n de nutrientes y materia org\u00e1nica que son transportados a trav\u00e9s del humedal.  el estudio se compone de una introducci\u00f3n general, descripci\u00f3n del \u00e1rea de estudio, tres cap\u00edtulos que responden a cada uno de los objetivos planteados y las conclusiones generales.  en la introducci\u00f3n general se revisa la importancia, funci\u00f3n y servicios de los humedales, la dificultad de definir y clasificar a los humedales, y el estado del arte sobre el conocimiento actual de los humedales mexicanos. El \u00e1rea de estudio sit\u00faa al humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro en un contexto geogr\u00e1fico, ambiental y socio-econ\u00f3mico. los tres cap\u00edtulos siguientes cubren los objetivos planteados:   cap\u00edtulo 1: hidrolog\u00eda y balance h\u00eddrico del humedal: dado que no existen estudios que cuantifiquen los cambios anuales de los componentes hidrol\u00f3gicos del humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro en este cap\u00edtulo se analiza, por un lado, la din\u00e1mica de los componentes hidrol\u00f3gicos (precipitaci\u00f3n, evapotranspiraci\u00f3n, escorrent\u00eda y agua subsuperficial) que determinan la cantidad y variaci\u00f3n anual del agua en el humedal, y, por otro, se establece una aproximaci\u00f3n al balance h\u00eddrico anual.  cap\u00edtulo 2: variaci\u00f3n espacial de la hidroqu\u00edmica del humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro: en este cap\u00edtulo se realiza, por un lado, un diagn\u00f3stico general del estado hidroqu\u00edmico de las aguas superficiales del humedal. Por otro y, teniendo en cuenta los flujos del agua naturales del humedal, se analiza la variaci\u00f3n espacial de los par\u00e1metros f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmicos y el efecto de los cambios de uso del suelo sobre la hidroqu\u00edmica superficial.  cap\u00edtulo 3: retenci\u00f3n de nutrientes y materia org\u00e1nica en el humedal: este cap\u00edtulo aborda la capacidad de retenci\u00f3n de los nutrientes (nitratos, nitritos, f\u00f3sforo reactivo soluble y f\u00f3sforo total) y materia org\u00e1nica del humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro a lo largo de un ciclo anual, enfatizando sobre los efectos de la variabilidad hidrol\u00f3gica temporal y determinando el papel de los factores ambientales sobre dicha retenci\u00f3n. las conclusiones m\u00e1s importantes son:  a) el balance de agua anual del humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro fue positivo (ganancia de agua) y funciona como un sistema de amortiguaci\u00f3n hidrol\u00f3gica, transfiriendo aproximadamente el 32.55% de agua a la zona sur del lago de p\u00e1tzcuaro, con el que forma una unidad funcional.  b) las aguas superficiales del humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro son c\u00e1lidas durante todo el a\u00f1o, de mineralizaci\u00f3n elevada, duras, alcalinas y como todos los humedales subtropicales ricas en nutrientes, materia org\u00e1nica y s\u00f3lidos y, en consecuencia, eutr\u00f3ficas. c) los an\u00e1lisis multivariantes realizados sobre las variables hidroqu\u00edmicas medidas en las aguas superficiales del humedal, permitieron delimitar cuatro grupos diferentes que responden, por un lado al enriquecimiento de nutrientes y sales derivado de las alteraciones antr\u00f3picas del humedal y, por otro, a los procesos biol\u00f3gicos relacionados con la actividad fotosint\u00e9tica de los productores primarios d) a pesar de los efectos provocados por las actividades antr\u00f3picas que impacta una parte del humedal, en este estudio se evidencia que el humedal sur de p\u00e1tzcuaro parece mantener su funcionalidad con capacidad para procesar nutrientes, materia org\u00e1nica y s\u00f3lidos. e) el humedal es muy eficiente en retirar nutrientes, aunque su efectividad difiere seg\u00fan la fase del ciclo hidrol\u00f3gico. f) el humedal result\u00f3 ser m\u00e1s eficiente en la retirada de f\u00f3sforo que de nitr\u00f3geno, tal vez por el almacenamiento de f\u00f3sforo en el sedimento debido a las condiciones geoqu\u00edmicas del humedal.   abstract  the main objectives of this doctoral thesis are: a) to determine the water balance of wetland identifying the hydrological elements involved and their response to seasonal variations. b) to characterize the hydrochemistry of surface water from the wetland and to analyze their spatial variation based on key impacts suffering. c) to explore the retention capacity of nutrients and organic matter transporting through the wetland. the study consists of a general introduction, description of the study area, three chapters corresponding to each of the objectives and general conclusions. in the general introduction the importance, role and services of wetlands, the difficulty of defining and classifying wetlands, and state of the art on current knowledge of mexican wetlands is reviewed. The study area contextualizes south wetland patzcuaro in a geographical, environmental and socio-economic context. the next three chapters cover the objectives chapter 1: hydrology and water balance of wetland: since there are no studies that quantify the annual changes in the hydrological components of southern wetland patzcuaro in this chapter looks at, first, the dynamics of hydrological components (precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff and subsurface water) to determine the amount and annual variation of water in the wetland, and, second, an approximation of the annual water balance is established. chapter 2: spatial variation of hydrochemical in the south wetland patzcuaro: this chapter is performed, firstly, a general analysis of hydrochemical status of surface waters of the wetland. On the other and, taking into account the natural flow of water from the wetland, the spatial variation of physical-chemical parameters and the effect of changes in land use on the surface hydrochemical is analyzed. chapter 3: nutrients and organic matter retention in the wetland: this chapter addresses the retention capacity of nutrients (nitrates, nitrites, soluble reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus) and organic matter in the south wetland patzcuaro over an annual cycle emphasizing on the effects of temporal hydrological variability and determining the role of environmental factors on the retention. the main conclusions are: a) the annual water balance south wetland patzcuaro was positive (gain of water) and it functions as a buffer hydrological system, transferring approximately 32.55% water to the south of lake patzcuaro, with which it forms a unit functional. b) the surface waters of southern wetland patzcuaro are warm year-round, mineralization high, hard, alkaline and like all subtropical wetlands rich in nutrients and organic matter and, consequently, eutrophics. c) the multivariate analysis performed on the hydrochemical variables measured in surface waters of the wetland, helped to determine four different groups. These groups respond, first to the enrichment of nutrients and salts derived from anthropogenic disturbances and, secondly, to the process related biological photosynthetic activity of primary producers. d) although the effects caused by human activities impacting on the wetland, in this study is evidence that south patzcuaro wetland appears to maintain its functionality with ability to process nutrients, organic matter and solids. e) the wetland is very efficient in removing nutrients, although their effectiveness varies according to the phase of the hydrologic cycle. f) the wetland was more efficient in removing phosphorus than nitrogen, perhaps for the storage of phosphorus in the sediment due to the geochemical conditions of the wetland.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>El humedal sur del lago p\u00e1tzcuaro (m\u00e9xico): balance h\u00eddrico, hidroqu\u00edmica y funcionalidad.<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 El humedal sur del lago p\u00e1tzcuaro (m\u00e9xico): balance h\u00eddrico, hidroqu\u00edmica y funcionalidad. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Martha Beatriz Rendon Lopez <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 29\/05\/2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Gloria Lariza Ayala Ramirez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: arturo Chac\u00f3n torres <\/li>\n<li>rosa Mar\u00eda Gomez cerezo (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>antonia dolores Asencio Martinez (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Francisco Robledano aymerich (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Martha Beatriz Rendon Lopez Resumen el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral tiene como objetivos generales: a) determinar 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