{"id":117569,"date":"2015-04-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-04-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/enfermeria-y-cultura-las-fronteras-del-androcentrismo-en-la-ablacion-mutilacion-genital-femenina\/"},"modified":"2015-04-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2015-04-06T00:00:00","slug":"enfermeria-y-cultura-las-fronteras-del-androcentrismo-en-la-ablacion-mutilacion-genital-femenina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/etnografia-y-etnologia\/enfermeria-y-cultura-las-fronteras-del-androcentrismo-en-la-ablacion-mutilacion-genital-femenina\/","title":{"rendered":"Enfermer\u00eda y cultura: las fronteras del androcentrismo en la ablaci\u00f3n\/mutilaci\u00f3n genital femenina"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Ismael Jimenez Ruiz <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Introducci\u00f3n  \tla a\/mgf,est\u00e1 considerada internacionalmente como un atentado contra los derechos humanos y un acto de violencia contra las mujeres y las ni\u00f1as. Adem\u00e1s, jerarquiza y perpet\u00faa las relaciones en clave de desigualdad y niega el derecho a la integridad f\u00edsica y psicosexual de estas mujeres y ni\u00f1as.  \t seg\u00fan datos de unicef, afecta a una poblaci\u00f3n mundial aproximada de 120 millones de mujeres y ni\u00f1as. Y aunque se realiza principalmente en 29 pa\u00edses del \u00e1frica subsahariana, as\u00ed como en yemen, irak, malasia, indonesia y en ciertos grupos \u00e9tnicos de am\u00e9rica del sur; los flujos migratorios actuales, hacen que se den casos en todo el mundo industrializado.   objetivo  \tanalizar las perspectivas masculinas sobre la a\/mgf con el fin de comprender sus argumentaciones e iniciar el desarrollo de intervenciones enfermeras para su erradicaci\u00f3n.  m\u00e9todo  \tse utiliza una metodolog\u00eda cualitativa enfocada a trav\u00e9s de la etnometodolog\u00eda, que supone la base principal de la etnoenfermer\u00eda de m. Leininger.  \tlos instrumentos utilizados son: an\u00e1lisis documental, conversaciones informales,  y entrevistas semiestructuradas individuales y grupales.  \t \tla muestra final es de 25 hombres que cumplieron los criterios de inclusi\u00f3n, entre los que se incluyen participantes a favor y en contra de la a\/mgf. La muestra se obtuvo mediante un triple muestreo intencionado y posteriormente, en bola de nieve.  \tla informaci\u00f3n fue grabada, transcrita y analizada con atlas. Ti 7. El proceso de categorizaci\u00f3n y codificaci\u00f3n sigui\u00f3 una doble l\u00f3gica, en primera instancia se aplicaron una serie de c\u00f3digos pre-an\u00e1lisis, para posteriormente ser completados con el resto de c\u00f3digos que fueron emanando del an\u00e1lisis de las conversaciones.  \ten todo momento, se respet\u00f3 el anonimato de los participantes y se aplicaron las medidas \u00e9ticas correspondientes.  resultados   los participantes describen las justificaciones que ellos mismos y su comunidad le otorgan a la a\/mgf. Estas argumentaciones son llamadas factores, y conforman un sistema de cuidados tradicional. De entre estos factores destacan, los sexuales y religioso-espirituales, aunque la a\/mgf tambi\u00e9n se muestra amparada por justificaciones de \u00edndole higi\u00e9nico-est\u00e9tica, relacionadas con la salud, socio-culturales y econ\u00f3micas.  adem\u00e1s se ha creado un prototipo de reorientaci\u00f3n de la a\/mgf, en el que se se\u00f1alan una serie de claves para la abolici\u00f3n, adem\u00e1s de una tabla comparativa como herramienta de desmitificaci\u00f3n.  finalmente, se presenta un modelo conceptual para el estudio de los factores de perpetuaci\u00f3n de la a\/mgf, mediante la adaptaci\u00f3n del modelo del sol naciente de leininger. En \u00e9l, se esquematizan los conceptos de persona, entorno, salud y acciones de enfermer\u00eda, para modificar el entendimiento de esta pr\u00e1ctica como un cuidado cultural.  conclusiones  proporciona una perspectiva masculina sobre la a\/mgf esencial para su erradicaci\u00f3n, dado que los hombres juegan un papel importante en el mantenimiento de la pr\u00e1ctica.  los factores sexuales y los religioso-espirituales cobran un mayor peso en las justificaciones. Estos factores suelen estar enfocados a concepciones androc\u00e9ntricas, jugando un papel primordial en el mantenimiento de la poligamia.  la adaptaci\u00f3n del modelo del sol naciente a los factores de perpetuaci\u00f3n de la pr\u00e1ctica facilita la compresi\u00f3n de la estructura interrelacionada de los mismos, y plasma la forma de actuaci\u00f3n de enfermer\u00eda, mediante la sensibilizaci\u00f3n en factores obstaculizadores y en el desmontaje de las falsas premisas que rodean la justificaci\u00f3n de la a\/mgf.  palabras clave: circuncisi\u00f3n femenina, mutilaci\u00f3n genital femenina, enfermer\u00eda transcultural, investigaci\u00f3n cualitativa, hombres.   abstract  introduction   ablation\/female genital mutilation (a\/fgm) is considered internationally as a violation of human rights and an act of violence against women and girls. What is more, it creates a hierarchy and perpetuates unequal relationships which deprive these women and girls of their right to physical and pyschosocial integrity.  according to data from unicef, it affects a population around the world of approximately 120 million women and girls. Although it is mainly carried out in 29 countries in sub-saharan africa, such as yemen, irak, malasia, indonesia and in certain ethnic groups in south america; current migratory flows mean that cases are occurring all over the industrialized world.   objective   to analyse male perspectives on fgm in order to understand their points of view and to start to develop nursing interventions which could lead to its eradication.   method   a qualitative methodology has been used focusing on ethnomethodology, following m. Leininger&apos;s basic ethnonursing research methods. the following instruments were used: a document analysis, informal conversations, and semi-structured interviews of individuals and groups.  the sample consisted of 25 men who met the inclusion criteria and included those that were either in favor or against fgm. In order to obtain the sample, intentional sampling was used, followed by snowballing sampling. the information was recorded, transcribed and analysed using atlas. Ti 7. The categorization and coding process was carried out in two stages, firstly by applying a series of pre-analysis codes, and afterwards, completing these using the rest of the codes that came out of the conversation analysis.  at all times the anonymity of the participants was respected and the appropriate ethical measures were applied.   results   the participants reported the reasons why they and their communities give their consent to fgm. These arguments are called factors and make up a system of traditional healthcare. Among these factors we should highlight the sexual and religious\/spiritual ones, although fgm is also defended by hygienic or esthetic-type arguments, related to health, sociocultural and economic factors.  in addition, a prototype for changing fgm has been created suggesting a series of steps for its abolition, as well as a comparative table as a demystification tool.  finally, a conceptual model has been presented for studying the factors that perpetuate fgm, by adapting leininger&apos;s sunrise model. In this model, the concepts of person, setting and nursing actions have been outlined, in order to modify the understanding of this practice as a cultural aspect of healthcare.   conclusions   this study provides a male perspective on fgm which is essential for its eradication given that men play a vital role in keeping this practice alive.  sexual and religious\/spiritual factors have a greater influence on the reasons given. These factors are usually focused on androcentric concepts that play a fundamental role in maintaining polygamy.  adapting the sunrise model to the factors perpetuating this practice makes it easier to understand the interrelated structure of these factors and to express the actions carried out by the nursing sector. By doing this we can raise awareness about the limitations of these factors and dismantle the false assumptions surrounding the reasons behind fgm.   key words: female circumcision, female genital mutilation, transcultural nursing, qualitative research, men<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Enfermer\u00eda y cultura: las fronteras del androcentrismo en la ablaci\u00f3n\/mutilaci\u00f3n genital femenina<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Enfermer\u00eda y cultura: las fronteras del androcentrismo en la ablaci\u00f3n\/mutilaci\u00f3n genital femenina <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Ismael Jimenez Ruiz <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 04\/06\/2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Pilar Almansa Martinez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: florentina Pina roche <\/li>\n<li>Mar\u00eda  del carmen Jim\u00e9nez d\u00edaz (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Mar\u00eda  Luisa Grande gasc\u00f3n (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>margarita Garrido abejar (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Ismael Jimenez Ruiz Introducci\u00f3n la a\/mgf,est\u00e1 considerada internacionalmente como un atentado contra los derechos humanos y un 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