{"id":117668,"date":"2018-03-11T10:47:18","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/estudio-farmacocinetico-y-excrecion-en-leche-de-cefquinome-en-ovino\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:47:18","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:18","slug":"estudio-farmacocinetico-y-excrecion-en-leche-de-cefquinome-en-ovino","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/farmacologia\/estudio-farmacocinetico-y-excrecion-en-leche-de-cefquinome-en-ovino\/","title":{"rendered":"Estudio farmacocin\u00e9tico y excreci\u00f3n en leche de cefquinome en ovino"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Pablo Selvi Sabater <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la farmacocin\u00e9tica de cefquinoma en ovejas, administr\u00e1ndola por distintas v\u00edas y, por otra parte, determinar las concentraciones m\u00ednimas inhibitorias de este antimicrobiano frente a staphylococcus aureus. \tel estudio se ha realizado en 5 ovejas, todas ellas sanas y adultas, con pesos que oscilaban entre 61 y 93 kg, una edad entre 2,5 y 3,5 a\u00f1os y de la raza lacaune. \tlas v\u00edas de administraci\u00f3n y dosis han sido la v\u00eda intravenosa, intramuscular y subcut\u00e1nea a la dosis de 2 mg\/kg. la determinaci\u00f3n de cefquinoma en plasma se realiz\u00f3 por cromatograf\u00eda l\u00edquida de alta resoluci\u00f3n con detecci\u00f3n por fluorescencia. El ajuste a modelos farmacocin\u00e9ticos compartimentales y la determinaci\u00f3n de los par\u00e1metros no compartimentales se realiz\u00f3 mediante el programa farmacocin\u00e9tico winnonlin professional\u00c2\u00bf (versi\u00f3n 5.2.1). El tratamiento estad\u00edstico de los datos se ha realizado con el programa spss 19.0. Las diferencias consideradas estad\u00edsticamente significativas son aquellas cuya p es menor de 0,05. los resultados obtenidos tras la administraci\u00f3n intravenosa muestran que cefquinoma se distribuye seg\u00fan un modelo bicompartimental abierto, a diferencia de lo que ocurre con la administraci\u00f3n por v\u00eda intramuscular y subcut\u00e1nea, en las que muestra que se distribuye seg\u00fan un modelo monocompartimental. cuando se administr\u00f3 el cefquinoma v\u00eda intravenosa, intramuscular y subcut\u00e1nea se registraron los siguientes tiempos de vida media: 1,75\u00c2\u00b10,42, 1,37\u00c2\u00b10.16 y 1,84 \u00c2\u00b1 0,19 h, respectivamente.. los valores de mrt obtenidos han sido 1,86\u00c2\u00b10,21, 2,64\u00c2\u00b10,17 y 5,20\u00c2\u00b10,31 h, respectivamente. Se observa c\u00f3mo la permanencia del f\u00e1rmaco es mayor tras la administraci\u00f3n extravascular, especialmente en la v\u00eda subcut\u00e1nea. sin embargo, los valores de auc obtenidos han sido 11861\u00c2\u00b11466, 9247\u00c2\u00b1773 y 6959\u00c2\u00b1967 ?G\u00c2\u00bfh\/l. La biodisponibilidad de cefquinoma es menor cuando se administra dicho antibi\u00f3tico por v\u00eda subcut\u00e1nea (60%), respecto a la v\u00eda intramuscular (79,5%). cefquinoma administrado por v\u00eda intravenosa, intramuscular y subcut\u00e1nea no super\u00f3 una excreci\u00f3n en leche superior al 0,05% en ninguna de las 3 v\u00edas. el par\u00e1metro farmacocin\u00e9tico-farmacodin\u00e1mico que se correlaciona con mayor frecuencia con el \u00e9xito cl\u00ednico es el porcentaje de tiempo por encima de la cmi (toutain y cols, 2002; mckellar y cols, 2004). se ha determinado la sensibilidad a cefquinoma frente a doce cepas de staphylococcus aureus obtenidas de ovejas en granjas comerciales. Como cepas de referencia se utilizaron staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213 y escherichia coli atcc 25922. de las doce cepas estudiadas frente a cefquinoma, todas presentaron una cmi entre un rango de concentraciones de 0,50 mg\/l y 0,125 mg\/l. Se establece, por tanto, como cmi90, un valor de 0,5 mg\/l para cefquinoma. Las cepas de referencia han presentado un valor  de cmi de 0, 25 mg\/l para staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213 y de 0,25 mg\/l para escherichia coli atcc 25922. tras la administraci\u00f3n de cefquinoma por v\u00eda intravenosa e intramuscular se encuentran concentraciones superiores a 0,5mg\/l hasta las 4 horas. Mientras que, tras la administraci\u00f3n por v\u00eda subcut\u00e1nea, hasta las 6 horas. Con una administraci\u00f3n diaria por v\u00eda intravenosa e intramuscular, \u00fanicamente habr\u00eda concentraciones por encima de la cmi en un 17% (im) y un 25% (sc). Para que este porcentaje se encuentre por encima del 50%, ser\u00eda necesario administrar el f\u00e1rmaco cada 8 horas para la v\u00eda intravenosa e intramuscular (66%) y cada 12 horas (50%) para la v\u00eda subcut\u00e1nea. de dicho estudio se puede concluir que una dosis de 2mg\/kg de cefquinoma diaria no permite alcanzar valores de tiempo por encima de la cmi en ninguna de las tres v\u00edas. Adem\u00e1s, la \u00fanica v\u00eda que permite administraciones con porcentajes de tiempo por encima del 50% administr\u00e1ndose cada 12 h es la v\u00eda subcut\u00e1nea.  summary   \tour objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in sheep, by its administration on different routes and, on the other hand, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of this antibiotic against staphylococcus aureus, as it is responsible for several infections.  research has been conducted on five sheep -lacaune breed-, all of them healthy and adult, with weights ranging between 61 and 93 kg, and with an age between 2,5 and 3,5 years.\t administration routes are intravenous (iv), intramuscular (im) and subcutaneous (sc), with a dose of 2 mg \/ kg. determination of cefquinome in plasma was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with fluorescence detection. The adjustment to compartmental pharmacokinetic models and the determination of non-compartmental parameters was realized using the pharmacokinetic program winnonlin professional\u00c2\u00bf (version 5.2.1). The statistical treatment of the data was performed with the spss 19.0 program. Differences considered statistically significant are those in which p is less than 0.05. the results obtained after intravenous administration show that cefquinome is distributed according to a two-compartment open model, as opposed to what happens with intramuscular and subcutaneous administration, in which cefquinome is distributed according to a one-compartment model. when the cefquinome was administered by intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injection the following half-lives were recorded: 1.75\u00c2\u00b10.42, 1.37\u00c2\u00b10.16 and 1.84 \u00c2\u00b1 0.19 h, respectively.  mrt values obtained were 1.86\u00c2\u00b10.21, 2.64\u00c2\u00b10.17 and 5.20\u00c2\u00b10.31 h, respectively. It is observed that the permanence of the drug is greater after the extravascular administration, especially subcutaneous. nevertheless, auc levels obtained were 11861\u00c2\u00b11466, 9247\u00c2\u00b1773 and 6959\u00c2\u00b1967 g\u00c2\u00bfh\/l. The bioavailability of cefquinome is lower when the antibiotic is administered subcutaneously (60%) compared to the intramuscular route (79.5%). cefquinome administered by intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes did not exceed in any case a milk excretion higher than 0.05%.  the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameter that most frequently correlates with clinical success is the percentage of time above mic (toutain et al, 2002, mckellar et al, 2004). cefquinome sensitivity has been investigated in twelve staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from commercial sheep farms. As reference strains, staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213 and escherichia coli atcc 25922 were used.  of the twelve strains tested against cefquinome, all had an mic range of concentrations between 0.50 mg\/l and 0.125 mg\/l. Therefore, it is established for mic90 a value of 0.5 mg \/ l for cefquinome. Reference strains show a mic level of 0, 25 mg \/ l for staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213 and 0.25 mg \/ l for escherichia coli atcc 25922. after the cefquinome administration by intravenous and intramuscular routes, concentrations above 0.5 mg\/l are obtained until 4 hours, whereas, after subcutaneous administration, this concentration remained until 6 hours. This, expressed as a percentage, means that with a daily intravenous and intramuscular administration, there would be only concentrations above the mic for 17% (im) and 25% (sc). With the aim of this percentage to be above 50%, the minimum percentage considered optimal, it is necessary to administer the drug every 8 hours, for intravenous and intramuscular routes (66%), and every 12 hours (50%) for the subcutaneous route.  from this study it can be concluded that a dose of 2mg \/ kg daily cefquinome does not achieve values of time above the mic in any of the three routes. Furthermore, the only route that allows administrations with time percentages above 50%, and being administered every 12 hours, is the subcutaneous route.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Estudio farmacocin\u00e9tico y excreci\u00f3n en leche de cefquinome en ovino<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Estudio farmacocin\u00e9tico y excreci\u00f3n en leche de cefquinome en ovino <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Pablo Selvi Sabater <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 19\/06\/2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Carlos Mario Carceles Rodriguez<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Juan  manuel Serrano caballero <\/li>\n<li>Juan  Manuel Serrano rodr\u00edguez (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>ignacio Ayala de la pe\u00f1a (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>josefa Leon villar (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Pablo Selvi Sabater El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la farmacocin\u00e9tica de cefquinoma en ovejas, administr\u00e1ndola [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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