{"id":117959,"date":"2018-03-11T10:47:44","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/el-cuidador-informal-familiar-en-el-ambito-hospitalario-y-su-relacion-con-el-profesional-de-enfermeria\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:47:44","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:47:44","slug":"el-cuidador-informal-familiar-en-el-ambito-hospitalario-y-su-relacion-con-el-profesional-de-enfermeria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/familia-y-parentesco\/el-cuidador-informal-familiar-en-el-ambito-hospitalario-y-su-relacion-con-el-profesional-de-enfermeria\/","title":{"rendered":"El cuidador informal familiar en el \u00e1mbito hospitalario y su relaci\u00f3n con el profesional de enfermer\u00eda"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Ana Mar\u00eda Hernandez Susarte <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen de la tesis doctoral  objetivos:  generales (1) explorar la relaci\u00f3n existente entre las personas que intervienen en el cuidado de una persona ingresada en una unidad de hospitalizaci\u00f3n de media estancia. (2) identificar las necesidades que presentan los familiares de pacientes ingresados en una unidad de estancia media y explorar el grado de satisfacci\u00f3n de dichas necesidades. espec\u00edficos (1) conocer la construcci\u00f3n de la figura del cuidador familiar hospitalario desde la perspectiva de los propios familiares cuidadores y de los profesionales de los cuidados (enfermeras y auxiliares de enfermer\u00eda) en una unidad de hospitalizaci\u00f3n de estancia media. (2) determinar el modelo de interacci\u00f3n entre cuidadores familiares y los profesionales del cuidado en una unidad de hospitalizaci\u00f3n de estancia media. (3) explorar los perfiles de cuidadores familiares m\u00e1s frecuentes y describir las caracter\u00edsticas sociodemogr\u00e1ficas (sexo, edad, parentesco, estudios, ocupaci\u00f3n y convivencia con el paciente) que los definen.  (4) evaluar las diferencias en las necesidades y el grado de satisfacci\u00f3n de las mismas de los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes seg\u00fan los perfiles hallados.  (5) analizar el porcentaje de necesidades importantes que han sido totalmente satisfechas seg\u00fan los perfiles de cuidador familiar. (6) examinar la relaci\u00f3n entre la situaci\u00f3n de dependencia cl\u00ednica del paciente con las necesidades y la satisfacci\u00f3n de las mismas del cuidador familiar seg\u00fan los perfiles hallados.  m\u00e9todo:  dise\u00f1o mixto cuali-cuantitativo. La investigaci\u00f3n se ha llevado durante los a\u00f1os 2012 y 2013 en un hospital cl\u00ednico universitario de la regi\u00f3n de murcia, en el \u00e1rea destinada a pacientes con patolog\u00edas neurol\u00f3gicas. parte cualitativa: orientaci\u00f3n fenomenol\u00f3gica e interaccionismo simb\u00f3lico. Se realiz\u00f3 un grupo focal en el que participaron 4 enfermeras y 4 auxiliares de enfermer\u00eda aplicando un muestreo te\u00f3rico. Se realizaron dos grupos triangulares con los cuidadores familiares, el primero compuesto por 3 cuidadores familiares masculinos y el segundo por 3 familiares femeninos. Se transcribieron los datos y se realiz\u00f3 un an\u00e1lisis de contenido tras categorizaci\u00f3n inicial que atend\u00eda a los fundamentos del marco te\u00f3rico. parte cuantitativa: estudio observacional transversal. Poblaci\u00f3n de estudio: familiares que ejerc\u00edan de cuidadores informales. Criterios de inclusi\u00f3n: familiar, cuidador habitual del paciente y estancia m\u00ednima una semana. Tama\u00f1o muestral de 150 sujetos. Muestreo no probabil\u00edstico consecutivo. La recogida de informaci\u00f3n se llev\u00f3 a cabo mediante llamada telef\u00f3nica tras el alta del paciente. Se emple\u00f3 un cuaderno de recogida de datos que inclu\u00eda: a) caracter\u00edsticas cl\u00ednicas de los pacientes b) aspectos sociodemogr\u00e1ficos del cuidador familiar (cf); y c) necesidades y la satisfacci\u00f3n de las mismas percibidas por los cf. Para ello se emple\u00f3 el cuestionario de necesidades familiares (fnq) validado en el contexto espa\u00f1ol. El cuestionario mide 6 necesidades (puntuadas de 4 muy importante a 1 nada importante) y la satisfacci\u00f3n de estas necesidades (puntuadas de 0 no satisfecha a 2 satisfecha). Para el an\u00e1lisis de los datos se llev\u00f3 a cabo un an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico descriptivo, y se utiliz\u00f3 programa estad\u00edstico spss 21.0. resultados: el rol del cuidador en el hospital se construye a partir de cuatro grandes categor\u00edas: funciones atribuidas a la familia, demandas de los cuidadores formales e informales, falta de legitimidad y caracter\u00edsticas de la interacci\u00f3n cuidador familiar-enfermera y cuidador familiar-auxiliar de enfermer\u00eda. en el estudio cuantitativo participaron 152 sujetos, 34,4% hombres y un 65,6% mujeres. El grupo de edad m\u00e1s frecuente (44,7%) es el que oscila entre 41y 60 a\u00f1os. Los cfs m\u00e1s numerosos son hijas, con estudios primarios y trabajadoras en activo. El diagn\u00f3stico principal de los pacientes atendidos por los cf es el accidente cerebro vascular (acv) con un 58,6%. Adem\u00e1s, casi un 50% tiene riesgo moderado-alto de upp y un 62% de los pacientes tienen riesgo alto de ca\u00eddas. La necesidad m\u00e1s valorada por los cf es la necesidad de informaci\u00f3n (media (m): 3,75; desviaci\u00f3n t\u00edpica (dt): 0,32). Le siguen la necesidad de apoyo profesional (m:3,65; dt:0,45), de implicaci\u00f3n (m:3,44; dt:0,48), de apoyo comunitario (m:3,43; dt:0,56) , de apoyo instrumental (m:3,34; dt:0,57) y de apoyo emocional (m:3,13 dt:0,71). Ninguna de las necesidades se considera satisfecha completamente. La necesidad m\u00e1s satisfecha es la necesidad de informaci\u00f3n (m:1,51; dt: 0,41). Le siguen la necesidad de apoyo comunitario (m:1,45; dt: 0,48), de implicaci\u00f3n (m:1.45; dt:0,50), de apoyo emocional (m:1,25; dt:0,59), apoyo profesional (m:1,08; dt:0,58) y de apoyo instrumental (m: 1,07; dt: 0,57). conclusiones:  se diferencian tres perfiles de cuidador familiar (cf) en el \u00e1mbito hospitalario, las variables que predicen estos perfiles son g\u00e9nero, parentesco y tipo de ocupaci\u00f3n. El perfil m\u00e1s habitual es el de mujer, hija del paciente, con estudios universitarios, edades comprendidas entre los 26 y 40 a\u00f1os y trabajo remunerado. El segundo perfil m\u00e1s frecuente es el de mujer, esposa o c\u00f3nyuge, con edades entre 41 y 60 a\u00f1os, estudios primarios y se dedica a la labores del hogar. El tercer perfil diferenciado es el de hombre, hijo del paciente, que tiene entre 41-60 a\u00f1os, con estudios primarios y trabajo remunerado. El modelo de relaci\u00f3n que emerge entre las profesionales de cuidados y los cf podr\u00eda enmarcarse dentro del modelo trabajador-trabajador en las enfermeras. El discurso de las auxiliares es m\u00e1s cercano a un modelo enfermera-ayudante. Todas las necesidades de los cf han obtenido puntuaciones bastante pr\u00f3ximas y superiores a 3 puntos. Se evidencia que la demanda de informaci\u00f3n de los cf es un aspecto destacado. La primera y tercera necesidad se\u00f1aladas como m\u00e1s importantes (informaci\u00f3n e implicaci\u00f3n) para los encuestados, son tambi\u00e9n las m\u00e1s satisfechas.   abstract  aims:  general aims: (1) to explore the relationship between those involved in the care of a person admitted to an inpatient unit of length of stay. (2) to identify the needs presented by family members of patients admitted to a unit of length of stay and explore the satisfaction of those needs.  specific aims: (1) to know the construction of the figure of the hospital family caregiver from the perspective of their own family caregivers and care professionals (nurses and nursing assistants) in an inpatient unit of length of stay. (2) to determine the model of interaction between family caregivers and professional care in an inpatient unit of length of stay. (3) to browse profiles more frequent family caregivers and describe the sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, parentage, education, occupation and living with the patient) that define. (4) to assess differences in the needs and satisfaction of these family caregivers of patients according to the profiles found. (5) to analyse the percentage of major needs have been fully met as family caregiver profiles. (6) to examine the relationship between clinical status of the patient dependency needs and meeting them as family caregiver profiles found.  method:  qualitative and quantitative mix design. The research was carried out during the years 2012 and 2013 in a university teaching hospital of the region of murcia, in the area for patients with neurological diseases.  qualitative part: phenomenological orientation and symbolic interaction. A focus group with the participation of four nurses and four nursing assistants applying a theoretical sampling was done. Two triangular groups with family caregivers were conducted, the first consisting of three male family caregivers and the second by 3 female relatives. Data were transcribed and content analysis was performed after initial categorization attending the fundamentals of theoretical framework.  quantitative part: cross-sectional study. Study population: exercising informal family caregivers. Inclusion criteria: family, patient and caregiver usual minimum one weeks stay. Sample size of 150 subjects. Consecutive non-probabilistic sampling. The collection of information was conducted by telephone after discharge. A notebook of data collection was used included: a) clinical characteristics of patients b) sociodemographic aspects of the family caregiver (cf); c) needs and satisfaction of the same perceived by cf. For this, the family needs questionnaire (fnq) validated in the spanish context was used. The questionnaire measures 6 needs (scored from 4 very important to 1 not important) and meeting these needs (scored from 0 unsatisfied to 2 satisfied).  For the analysis of the data it was carried out a descriptive statistical analysis, and spss 21.0 was used.     results:  the role of the caregiver in the hospital is built from four main categories: attributed to family functions, demands formal and informal caregivers, lack of legitimacy and features family-nurse interaction caregiver and family caregiver nursing-assistant.  in the quantitative study 152 subjects were collected, 34.4% men and 65.6% women. The most frequent age group (44.7%) is ranging between 41 and 60 years. Cf are the most numerous daughters, with primary education and active workers. The main diagnosis of patients seen by the cf is the stroke with 58.6%. In addition, almost 50% have moderate to high risk of pressure ulcers and 62% of patients at high risk of falling. The need valued by cf is the need for information (mean (m): 3.75, standard deviation (sd): 0.32). Followed by the need for professional support (m: 3.65, sd: 0.45), involvement (m: 3.44, sd: 0.48), community support (m: 3.43; dt: 0 , 56), instrumental support (m: 3.34, sd: 0.57) and emotional support (m: 3.13 td: 0.71). None of the requirements is satisfied completely. The unmet need is the need for information (m: 1.51, sd: 0.41). Followed by the need for community support (m: 1.45, sd: 0.48), involvement (m: 1.45, sd: 0.50), emotional support (m: 1.25, sd: 0.59 ), professional support (m: 1.08, sd: 0.58) and instrumental support (m: 1.07, sd: 0.57).  conclusions:  three profiles of family caregiver (cf) in hospitals differ, variables that predict these profiles are gender, kinship and type of occupation. The most common profile is that of woman, daughter of the patient, college educated, aged between 26 and 40 years and paid work. The second most common profile is that of a woman, wife or spouse, aged 41 and 60, primary school and is engaged in the housework. The third differential profile is that of man, son of the patient, which is between 41-60 years, with primary education and paid work. The model of relationship that emerges between care professionals and the cf could be framed within the model worker-worker in the nurses. The auxiliary speech is closer to a nurse-assistant model. All needs of cf scores were obtained quite close and more than 3 points. It is evident that the demand for information cf is an important aspect. The first and third need mentioned as most important (information and involvement) to the respondents, are also the most satisfied.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>El cuidador informal familiar en el \u00e1mbito hospitalario y su relaci\u00f3n con el profesional de enfermer\u00eda<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 El cuidador informal familiar en el \u00e1mbito hospitalario y su relaci\u00f3n con el profesional de enfermer\u00eda <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Ana Mar\u00eda Hernandez Susarte <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Murcia<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 24\/07\/2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Antonio  Jes\u00fas Ramos Morcillo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: david Armero barranco <\/li>\n<li>Manuel Linares abad (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>  (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>  (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Ana Mar\u00eda Hernandez Susarte Resumen de la tesis doctoral objetivos: generales (1) explorar la relaci\u00f3n existente entre 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