{"id":92542,"date":"2018-03-11T10:11:33","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:11:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/estudio-del-empleo-de-cubiertas-vegetales-y-temporales-para-la-regulacion-del-regimen-ha%c2%addrico-del-crecimiento-y-del-mantenimiento-del-vinedo\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:11:33","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:11:33","slug":"estudio-del-empleo-de-cubiertas-vegetales-y-temporales-para-la-regulacion-del-regimen-ha%c2%addrico-del-crecimiento-y-del-mantenimiento-del-vinedo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/ciencias-agrarias\/estudio-del-empleo-de-cubiertas-vegetales-y-temporales-para-la-regulacion-del-regimen-ha%c2%addrico-del-crecimiento-y-del-mantenimiento-del-vinedo\/","title":{"rendered":"Estudio del empleo de cubiertas vegetales y temporales para la regulaci\u00f3n del r\u00e9gimen h\u00eddrico, del crecimiento y del mantenimiento del vi\u00f1edo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Rub\u00e9n Linares Torres <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen el ensayo se llevo a acabo en un vi\u00f1edo de syrah durante 8 a\u00f1os y en un vi\u00f1edo de merlot durante 3 a\u00f1os. Ambos vi\u00f1edos regados y situados en colmenar de oreja (Madrid) (40\u00c2\u00ba 8n, 3\u00c2\u00ba 23w) con clima t\u00edpicamente mediterr\u00e1neo. siete tratamientos con cubiertas vegetales se han comparado con dos tratamientos con suelo desnudo usados como control. Las cubiertas vegetales fueron seis tratamientos de cereales (centeno) y un tratamiento de enyerbado autosembrado (bromus spp) y los tratamientos de suelo desnudo fueron uno manejado con laboreo y otro manejado con herbicida. los seis tratamientos de centeno se han manejado de seis formas distintas. La primera sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada en brotaci\u00f3n mediante herbicida de post-emergencia. La segunda sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada un mes despu\u00e9s de la brotaci\u00f3n mediante siega. La tercera sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada en floraci\u00f3n mediante siega. La cuarta sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada en brotaci\u00f3n mediante herbicida de post-emergencia. La quinta sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada un mes despu\u00e9s de la brotaci\u00f3n mediante siega. La sexta sembrada todos los a\u00f1os y eliminada en floraci\u00f3n mediante siega. la utilizaci\u00f3n de cubiertas vegetales ha tenido efectos beneficiosos sobre el contenido en materia org\u00e1nica, la compactaci\u00f3n y la infiltraci\u00f3n del suelo, mejorando las condiciones para el desarrollo de las ra\u00edces. Estas mejoras y la escasa competencia de la competencia durante el crecimiento del sistema radical de la vid han producido un incremento del sistema radical en las plantas mantenidos con cubierta vegetal. La competencia de las cubiertas vegetales ha reducido la disponibilidad h\u00eddrica de la vid, increment\u00e1ndose la absorci\u00f3n en zonas con mayor disponibilidad h\u00eddrica (como la l\u00ednea) antes de floraci\u00f3n. El mayor desarrollo radical de las vides con cubierta autosembrada ha permitido agotar m\u00e1s intensamente las reservas de agua en el suelo. La competencia de las cubiertas ha reducido en mayor medida el desarrollo vegetativo que el productivo. Lo que ha disminuido, en algunas cubiertas vegetales, el consumo h\u00eddrico de la vid, aumentando el potencial h\u00eddrico foliar y la fotos\u00edntesis durante la maduraci\u00f3n. Sin embargo, el incremento en la fotos\u00edntesis no ha compensado el mayor desarrollo foliar de los tratamientos con suelo desnudo, lo que ha provocado que estos tratamientos presenten la producci\u00f3n de materia seca m\u00e1s elevada. El empleo de cubiertas vegetales ha reducido la producci\u00f3n principalmente limitando el n\u00famero de bayas por racimo, ya que el aporte de riego ha minimizado los efectos del manejo del suelo sobre el tama\u00f1o de baya. La utilizaci\u00f3n de cubiertas vegetales temporales ha mejorado la iluminaci\u00f3n de los racimos, lo que ha producido un aumento de la s\u00edntesis de antocianos durante las primeras fases de la maduraci\u00f3n, pero un incremento de la degradaci\u00f3n de los mismos al final de la maduraci\u00f3n. Esto ha provocado que durante la vendimia los tratamientos de suelo desnudo presenten un mayor contenido de antocianos por baya que los tratamientos mantenidos con cubierta temporal. estos resultados muestran que el efecto del manejo del suelo depende en gran medida de las condiciones del medio, y que sus efectos en climas calidos y secos son muy distintos a los observados en climas frescos y h\u00famedos.   abstract the trial was conducted over a period of 8 years in a syrah vineyard and over a period of 3 years in a merlot vineyard. Both vineyards were irrigated and situated near colmenar de oreja (Madrid) (40\u00c2\u00ba 8n, 3\u00c2\u00ba 23w) a typical mediterranean climate. seven annual cover crops treatments were compared to two bare soil treatments, used as control. Cover crops were six cereals treatments (rye) and one auto-sowing treatment (bromus spp) and the treatments of bare soil were one tilled management treatment and another with herbicide treatment. the six cereal treatments were managed in different manners.  First sowing every year and were eliminated in bud breaking with post-emergency herbicide. The second sowing annually and were eliminated one month after bud breaking through harvesting. The third sowing annually and were eliminated in flowering by mowing. The fourth sowing annually and were eliminated with post-emergency herbicide in bud breaking. The fifth sowing annually and were eliminated by mowing one month after bud breaking. . The third sowing annually was eliminated by mowing in flowering. the use of annual cover crop have improved soil organic matter, soil infiltration rate and soil solidity,  resulting in a more favourable environment for roots growth. These improvements and low competitive ability during root growing have increases grapevine root density in plant management with cover crop. The cover crop ability reduced plant available water, increasing root water uptake in the soil with more available water (such us line) before flowering. More growth of grapevine root density with auto-sowed cover crops has allowed using the water under soil more rapidly. The cover crop ability has reduced vegetative growth more than yield. What has been reduced in some vegetative cover crop has been the consumption of water, and increasing the leaf water potential and foliar and photosynthesis during growth activity. Moreover, the increased in photosynthesis activity could not \u00abcompensate\u00bb higher leaf growth of treatment of bare soil, where these treatments had resulted in the greatest amount of dry material. The use of cover crops has reduced the crop mainly reducing the fruit set, because the irrigation had reduced the cover crop effect in the berry growth. The use of temporary cover crop increased berry sunlight exposure and skin anthocyanin synthesis during early rippenig, but excessively high temperature increased anthocyanin degradation during last part of  ripenning. So, at the vineyard harvest period the treatments with bare soil plant had a more anthocyanin content per grape than the temporary cover crop plant treatments. these results suggest that the effects of soil handling mainly depends on the environmental condition, and their effects in hot and dry climate are so different from the effects in cold and moist climates.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Estudio del empleo de cubiertas vegetales y temporales para la regulaci\u00f3n del r\u00e9gimen h\u00eddrico, del crecimiento y del mantenimiento del vi\u00f1edo<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Estudio del empleo de cubiertas vegetales y temporales para la regulaci\u00f3n del r\u00e9gimen h\u00eddrico, del crecimiento y del mantenimiento del vi\u00f1edo <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Rub\u00e9n Linares Torres <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 27\/03\/2009<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Pilar Baeza Trujillo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: Jos\u00e9 ram\u00f3n Lissarrague Garc\u00eda gutierrez <\/li>\n<li>Ana Centeno mu\u00f1oz (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Marqu\u00e9s p\u00e9rez (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>Juan  ram\u00f3n Castel s\u00e1nchez (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Rub\u00e9n Linares Torres Resumen el ensayo se llevo a acabo en un vi\u00f1edo de syrah durante 8 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[494,16008],"tags":[160655,16098,141297,191382,16097,191381],"class_list":["post-92542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ciencias-agrarias","category-politecnica-de-madrid","tag-ana-centeno-munoz","tag-jose-ramon-lissarrague-garcia-gutierrez","tag-juan-ramon-castel-sanchez","tag-maria-jose-marques-perez","tag-pilar-baeza-trujillo","tag-ruben-linares-torres"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92542"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92542\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}