{"id":95730,"date":"2018-03-11T10:15:45","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:15:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/sin-categoria\/contribucion-al-establecimiento-de-las-bases-cienta%c2%adficas-para-el-uso-de-fracciones-polifenolicas-y-fibra-dietetica-antioxidante-en-la-prevencion-del-cancer\/"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:15:45","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:15:45","slug":"contribucion-al-establecimiento-de-las-bases-cienta%c2%adficas-para-el-uso-de-fracciones-polifenolicas-y-fibra-dietetica-antioxidante-en-la-prevencion-del-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deberes.net\/tesis\/barcelona\/contribucion-al-establecimiento-de-las-bases-cienta%c2%adficas-para-el-uso-de-fracciones-polifenolicas-y-fibra-dietetica-antioxidante-en-la-prevencion-del-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Contribuci\u00f3n al establecimiento de las bases cient\u00edficas para el uso de fracciones polifen\u00f3licas y fibra diet\u00e9tica antioxidante en la prevenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tesis doctoral de <strong> Sonia Touri\u00f1o Eirin <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Resumen: una dieta rica en frutas y verduras parece ser importante para la prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades relacionadas con el estr\u00e9s oxidativo y por tanto es posible que alguno de sus compuestos constituyentes o la interacci\u00f3n de varios de ellos sean los responsables del efecto protector que presentan.  Los flavonoides son los principales candidatos debido su abundancia en el reino vegetal y la actividad antioxidante que presentan en su estado natural. Existe una gran variedad de flavonoides que difieren en su estructura. Las peque\u00f1as diferencias en la estructura qu\u00edmica resultan en grandes diferencias en el efecto biol\u00f3gico. Adem\u00e1s cuando los flavonoides son ingeridos sufren biotransformaciones que modifican la estructura qu\u00edmica de los compuestos y por lo tanto, la actividad biol\u00f3gica se ve modificada. Una gran parte de los flavonoides que forman parte de frutas y verduras se encuentra en forma polim\u00e9rica y fundamentalmente son proantocianidinas.  As\u00ed, el objetivo general de la presente tesis fue contribuir al establecimiento de las bases cient\u00edficas para el uso de fracciones polifen\u00f3licas y fibra diet\u00e9tica constituidas b\u00e1sicamente por proantocianidinas en la prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades como el c\u00e1ncer.  para ello, se realiz\u00f3 un estudio de la relaci\u00f3n entre el grado de polimerizaci\u00f3n y porcentaje de galoizaci\u00f3n y el efecto antioxidante y biol\u00f3gico de fracciones de proantocianidinas de diferente composici\u00f3n en diferentes medios f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmicos. As\u00ed, fracciones obtenidas de corteza de pino (exentas de galato), de subproductos del prensado de la uva (porcentaje de galoizaci\u00f3n media) y de hamamelis (de elevada galoizaci\u00f3n) fueron caracterizadas por despolimerizaci\u00f3n \u00e1cida y posteriormente se evalu\u00f3 la capacidad antioxidante (m\u00e9todo dpph, teac), antirradicalaria (m\u00e9todo del radical hnttm, tnptm), inhibici\u00f3n a la oxidaci\u00f3n lip\u00eddica y el efecto antiproliferativo en una l\u00ednea celular de melanoma (sk-mel-28). Los resultados mostraron que los efectos qu\u00edmicos y biol\u00f3gicos en los que est\u00e1n implicadas las proantocianidinas est\u00e1n influidos de menor a mayor grado por el grado de polimerizaci\u00f3n, porcentaje de galatos y porcentaje de grupos pirogalol. Adem\u00e1s se realiz\u00f3 un estudio de las biotransformaciones que sufren las proantocianidinas utilizando como muestra rica en proantocianidinas una fibra diet\u00e9tica procedente de subproductos del prensado de la uva. Para ello, se realiz\u00f3 previamente la identificaci\u00f3n  de los compuestos fen\u00f3licos mayoritarios y posteriormente con el fin de avanzar en el conocimiento de los posibles efectos beneficiosos de los polifenoles, se realiz\u00f3 un estudio de identificaci\u00f3n de metabolitos tras la ingesta de fibra antioxidante de uva en ratas. Experimentos en t\u00e1ndem (lc-ms\/ms) permitieron identificar 18 metabolitos procedentes de epicatequina monom\u00e9rica y diversos \u00e1cidos fen\u00f3licos resultantes de la fermentaci\u00f3n col\u00f3nica.     summary:  many epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in flavonoids from vegetables and fruits  appear to be inversely related to several diseases and cancer mortality.  Flavonoids in food have been shown to have powerful free-radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-tumor promoting effect. There are more than 5000 different types of flavonoids with numerous structural variations within. Small differences in their structure are converted into great differences in their biological activity. Moreover, polyphenols are extensively metabolized in the intestinal tract and liver. Thus, it is very important to examine the action of these compounds from different angles and evaluate their effects and risks.  the main objective of the present phd has been to contribute to the knowledge of the chemical and biological effects of polyphenols, especially proanthocyanidins.  The influence of the degree of polimeration and percentage galloylation and the biological activities of proanthocyanidins fractions were evaluated. The results show that the most cytotoxic \/antiproliferative fractions showed also the highest electron transfer capacity. The study of the metabolization of polyphenols after the intake of of  antioxidant dietary fiber (gadf) rich in proanthocyanidins resulted in the identification of more than 18 metabolites such a epicatechin mono, di-, tri- conjugates and also phenolic acids from colonic fermentation and even phenolic acids conjugates with sulfated and glucuronide.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Datos acad\u00e9micos de la tesis doctoral \u00ab<strong>Contribuci\u00f3n al establecimiento de las bases cient\u00edficas para el uso de fracciones polifen\u00f3licas y fibra diet\u00e9tica antioxidante en la prevenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer<\/strong>\u00ab<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u00edtulo de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 Contribuci\u00f3n al establecimiento de las bases cient\u00edficas para el uso de fracciones polifen\u00f3licas y fibra diet\u00e9tica antioxidante en la prevenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer <\/li>\n<li><strong>Autor:<\/strong>\u00a0 Sonia Touri\u00f1o Eirin <\/li>\n<li><strong>Universidad:<\/strong>\u00a0 Barcelona<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fecha de lectura de la tesis:<\/strong>\u00a0 30\/07\/2009<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Direcci\u00f3n y tribunal<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Director de la tesis<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Josep Llu\u00eds Torres Sim\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribunal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Presidente del tribunal: fulgencio Saura calixto <\/li>\n<li>Rafael Llorach asuncion (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>  (vocal)<\/li>\n<li>  (vocal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tesis doctoral de Sonia Touri\u00f1o Eirin Resumen: una dieta rica en frutas y verduras parece ser importante para la prevenci\u00f3n 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