Tesis doctoral de Marc Guevara Vilardell
Air pollution is an important issue for public health, the economy and the environment. In arder to evaluate, preserve and improve the status ofthe atmosphere, air quality modelling is presented as a necessary tool that offers a complete des cription of the air quality problem , including an analys is offactors and causes (emission s ources, meteorological processes and atmospheric processes), thus complementing the information obtained from air pollution monitoring networks. In this framework, a proper knowledge of emission sources and their distribution in time and space is crucial in the development of a high-resolution air quality modelling system. The present ph.D. Thesis introduces the high-eiective resolution modelling emission system (hermesv2.0), a high spatial (up to 1 km x 1 km) and temporal (1 hour) resolution emission model for europe and spain that provides anthropogenic and biogenic emission information both for air quality modelling and environmental management, taking the year 2009 as the reference period. The model has been developed under the fram ework of the caliope-aqfs air quality forecast system, a state-of-the-art modelling fram ework developed by the earth science department ofthe barcelona supercomputing center-centro nacional de supercomputación (bsc-cns) and implemented in the marenostrum3 supercomputer. Hermesv2.0 esti mates atmospheric emissions for nitrogen oxides (nox), sulphur oxides (sox), carbon monoxide (co), non-methane volatile organic compounds (nmvocs), ammonia (nh3), primary particulate matter (pm), particles with diameter less than or equal to 1o ¡.Jm (pm1o) and particles with diameter less than or equal to 2.5 ¡jm (pm2 .5), and considers different pollutant activities including: (1) combustion in energy industries , (2) residentiallcommercial combustion plants, (3) combustion in manufacturing industries, (4) industrial processes, (5) extraction and distribution of foss il fuels, (6) solvent uses, (7) road transport, (8) other mobile sources, (9) waste treatment , (10) agriculture and (11) biogenic sources. For europe the model applies an emission processing system to the emep inventory, while for spain it mainly uses bottom-up approaches, com bining activity factors from official sources with emiss ion factors and state-of-the-art methodologies reported by officlal guidelines or in-situ measurements. The annual emissions estimated by hermesv2.0 for spain in 2009 are: nox, 939 kt; nmvocs, 2,332 kt; sox, 284 kt; co, 2,183 kt; nh3, 342 kt; tsp, 184 kt; pm1o, 141 kt and pm2.5, 106 kt. Road transport is the most significant pollutant source for nox (38%), co (31%) and tsp, pm1o and pm2.5 (31%), while point sources account for almost 90% oftotal sox. On the other hand, more than half of nmvocs come from biogenic sources (67%) , while agriculture contributes to the major part ofnh3 (97%) . Emission results were compared with the ones reported bythe spanish national emission lnventory (inesp) and hermes04, the previous version ofthe emission model. Moreover, an inter-comparison between hermesv2.0 and the european tno-macc-11 emission inventory using the caliope system was also performed in arder to contrast the two emission datasets on modelling n02, 802, 03 and pm1o concentrations for spain in february and june 2009 . All these aforementioned works helped to validate the emission estimates, confirm distribution patterns and identifygaps in hermesv2.0. Regarding the last point, two different works were developed in arder to improve the model in terms of: vertical distribution of point source emissions and characterization offugitive dust emission sources. This ph.D. Thesis has demonstrated that the hermesv2.0 model can be used as the emission core ofthe caliope-aqfs system for assessing diagnostic studios and forecasting the air quality in spain, studying future scenarios and for regulatory modelling applications.
Datos académicos de la tesis doctoral «Development of a high-resolution emission model for air quality modelling in spain«
- Título de la tesis: Development of a high-resolution emission model for air quality modelling in spain
- Autor: Marc Guevara Vilardell
- Universidad: Politécnica de catalunya
- Fecha de lectura de la tesis: 17/12/2014
Dirección y tribunal
- Director de la tesis
- José María Baldasano Recio
- Tribunal
- Presidente del tribunal: leonor Tarrasón
- hugo a. c. Denier van der gon (vocal)
- (vocal)
- (vocal)
